Chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Clinically, chronic GVHD is a pleiotropic, multiorgan syndrome involving tissue inflammation and fibrosis that often results in permanent organ dysfunction. Chronic GVHD is fundamentally caused by replacement of the host's immune system with donor cells, alth...

The immunogenicity of cell surface markers associated with specific anti-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) alloreactivity of rat peripheral T lymphocyte subpopulations has been demonstrated in the past by the ability of such cell populations to induce a profound and specific resistance to systemic graft-vs.-host (GVH) disease in adult rats. Our studies demonstrate that these specificity-as...

Fever is a natural protective response of the host organism. Mild to moderate fevers, up to 40.0 degrees C, have immunological benefits and do not need to be reduced. However, parents regularly reduce fever with medications to prevent perceived harmful outcomes. This study identified the determinants of parents' intentions to reduce childhood fever with medications. A community-based cross-sect...

Three-dimensional (3D), multi-transistor-layer, integrated circuits represent an important technological pursuit promising advantages in integration density, operation speed, and power consumption compared with 2D circuits. We report fully functional, 3D integrated complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) circuits based on separate interconnected layers of high-mobility n-type indium arse...

In these studies adult mice treated with cyclophosphamide and foreign immunologically competent cells developed a graft versus host disease which outwardly resembled that encountered in other experimental systems. Progressively larger doses of cyclophosphamide produced an increasingly severe disease whereas comparable doses of mechlorethamine were ineffective. Increasingly larger cell inocula f...

The study by Henze et al. ”Global modeling of secondary organic aerosol formation from aromatic hydrocarbons: Highvs low-yield pathways” investigates the global relevance of recent simulation chamber results that parameterize the NOx dependence of SOA yields from benzene, toluene and m-xylene, by Ng et al. (2007). The paper is generally well written, and presents the results on the NOx dependen...

BACKGROUND Selective atrioventricular nodal (AVN) vagal stimulation (AVN-VS) has emerged as a novel strategy for ventricular rate (VR) control in atrial fibrillation (AF). Although AVN-VS preserves the physiological ventricular activation sequence, the resulting rate is slow but irregular. In contrast, AVN ablation with pacemaker implantation produces retrograde activation (starting at the apex...

Transposons are found in virtually all organisms and play fundamental roles in genome evolution. They can also acquire new functions in the host organism and some have been developed as incisive genetic tools for transformation and mutagenesis. The hAT transposon superfamily contains members from the plant and animal kingdoms, some of which are active when introduced into new host organisms. We...