Altered antioxidant status has been reported in schizophrenia. The glutathione (GSH) redox system is important for reducing oxidative stress. GSH, a radical scavenger, is converted to oxidized glutathione (GSSG) through glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and converted back to GSH by glutathione reductase (GR). Measurements of GSH, GSSG and its related enzymatic reactions are thus important for evalu...

Manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is an essential primary antioxidant enzyme that converts superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen within the mitochondrial matrix. Cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (GPX) converts hydrogen peroxide into water. MnSOD is reduced in a variety of tumor types and has been proposed to be a new kind of tumor suppressor gene, but the ...

Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) plays a pivotal role in the protection of cells against oxidative damage. The green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii expresses both selenocysteine-containing GPX and the non-selenium GPX homolog (GPXH). We previously reported that supplementation of selenium to algal culture induces GPXH to exhibit GPX activity. Here we investigated the incorporation of selenium into ...

We have previously identified and cloned a novel keratinocyte growth factor (KGF)-regulated gene in human keratinocytes that encodes the human homologue of a bovine non-selenium glutathione peroxidase (GPx). To gain insight into the regulation of this gene in vivo, we isolated the murine homologue from a mouse skin cDNA library. In vitro transcription/translation demonstrated that the cDNA enco...

In this study, the oxidative stress effects of cadmium (Cd) toxicity depending on water temperature were investigated Gammarus pulex. The test organism individuals exposed to sublethal concentrations for 96 hours at certain rates (C1; 1/10, C2; 1/20 and C3; 1/40) LC50 values Cd each (10, 14, 18 °C). Malondialdehyde (MDA) level, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) enzyme activities temp...

introduction : recurrent aphthous stomatitis (ras) is a common disease with unknown etiology and no treatment. the purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between serum antioxidants level and clinical manifestation. change in antioxidant level can lead inflammatory reaction through oxidative stress. materials & methods : a total 50 patients were selected for this cross sectional stu...

A set of biomarkers was used to assess the impact of heavy metal pollution by a ferro-nickel smelting plant in Larymna bay (North Evoikos Gulf, Greece). These included a biomarker reflecting health status of an organism (scope for growth, SFG), a cellular biomarker of heavy metal exposure (composition of metal-containing granules), and two biochemical biomarkers reflecting oxidative stress (glu...

Selenium is essential for maintaining many body functions through the actions of selenoproteins. To find factors regulating selenoprotein biosynthesis in the bovine mammary cell line MAC-T, the effects of supplementation with selenite and also with retinoic acid, insulin, hydrocortisone and prolactin on the mRNA expression of a number of selenoproteins were investigated. It was found that MAC-T...

Lentinula edodes (Berk) Pegler, commonly known as Shiitake mushroom has been used as medicinal food in Asian countries, especially in China and Japan and is believed to possess strong immunomodulatory property. In the present study, the methanolic extract of the fruit bodies of L. edodes was investigated for cytoprotective effect against H2O2-induced cytotoxicity in human peripheral blood monon...

Glutathione S-transferases (GST) and glutathione peroxidases (GPx) are essential components of cellular detoxification systems. We identified GST and GPx transcripts in the freshwater bivalve Dreissena polymorpha, their full-length coding sequences were obtained by reverse-transcription PCR using degenerated primers followed by 5' and 3' RACE-PCR (rapid amplification of cDNA ends-PCR). The cDNA...