esophageal cancer is the second most common malignancy in iranian men; it is the third in women. it is killing about 5800 iranians each year. squamous cell carcinoma (scc) is presently the most common type of esophageal cancer accounting for about 90% of all esophageal cancers in iran. recent studies in iran have shown that there is a gradual increase in the incidence of adenocarcinoma of the d...

BACKGROUND Although certain HBV mutations are known to affect the expression of Hepatitis e antigen, their association with HBV viral level or clinical outcomes is less clear. OBJECTIVES We evaluated associations between different mutations in the Basal Core promoter (BCP) and Pre-core (PC) regions of HBV genome and subsequent changes in HBV viral DNA level over seven years in a population of...

esophageal cancer is the second and third most common malignancy in iranian males and females, respectively, claiming lives of approximately 5800 iranians each year. squamous cell carcinoma (scc) is presently the most common type accounting for about 90% of all esophageal cancers in iran. recent studies have shown that there is a gradual increase in the incidence of adenocarcinoma of the distal...

in order to study the effects of supplemental irrigation and planting arrangement on yield, yield components and water use efficiency (wue) of kabbuli chickpea (cv. arman), an experiment was carried out at the agricultural research station of gonbad for two years, iran. the experiment was a split-plot factorial arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. the main plo...

abstract background and objective: streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of acquired bacterial infections in the respiratory system. in recent years, a high incidence of pneumococcal resistance to different antibiotics has also been appeared. this study was conducted to evaluate the in vivo and in vitro resistance of pneumococcal pneumonia to ceftriaxone, azithromycin and co-amoxicl...

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the study area is located in southeastern iran, about 110 km southwest of kerman. geologically, the area is composed of ophiolitic rocks, volcanic rocks, intrusive bodies and sedimentary rocks. vein mineralization within andesite, andesitic basalt, andesitic tuffs occurred along the chahar gonbad fault. sulfide mineralization in the ore deposit has taken place as dissemination, veins and veinle...

poverty, in general and women’s poverty in particular is among social problems which has been subject to be mitigated through measures. the results of statistics based studies show that poverty and injustice is more prevalent in rural areas than cities and more common among women than men. the research aims to study the social and cultural causes of women’s poverty through the qualitative appro...