BACKGROUND The role of kidney hypoxia is considered pivotal in the progression of chronic kidney disease. A widely used method to assess kidney oxygenation is blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD)-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), but its interpretation remains problematic. The BOLD-MRI signal is the result of kidney oxygen consumption (a proxy of glomerular filtration) and supply (ie, glomerular...

To determine the physiological basis for the low glomerular filtration rate in chronic malnutrition, micropuncture studies were performed in Munich-Wistar rats chronically pair-fed isocaloric diets of either low (group 1, nine rats) or high protein content (group 2, nine rats). Despite the absence of hypoalbuminemia, average values for single nephron and total kidney glomerular filtration rate ...

Glomerular podocytes are highly specialized cells with a complex cytoarchitecture. Their most prominent features are interdigitated foot processes with filtration slits in between. These are bridged by the slit diaphragm, which plays a major role in establishing the selective permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier. Injury to podocytes leads to proteinuria, a hallmark of most glomerul...

BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with substantial burden and is a strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, data on the relationship between CKD and stroke are few and are limited by unreliable or inadequate assessment of renal function. OBJECTIVE To properly assess the relationship between renal insufficiency and stroke in stroke survivors in the United Sta...

To study if the severity of hypertension could be associated with disturbances of the autoregulation of renal blood flow and glomerular filtration, we compared the renal hemodynamic and functional responses to acute blood pressure reductions of a group of patients with moderate essential hypertension (n = 10) with those of a group of patients with severe hypertension (n = 10). Blood pressure wa...

Background: Accurate and rapid assessment of allograft function is essential in renal transplant recipients in order to detect allograft rejection and to monitor drug nephrotoxicity. We aimed to evaluate the usefulness of cystatin C as a marker of kidney allograft function in the early post-transplant period and to compare this value with that of conventional serum creatinine concentration. Met...

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OBJECTIVE Pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopy results in transient oliguria and decreased glomerular filtration and renal blood flow. The presence of oliguria and elevated serum creatinine is suggestive of acute renal injury. Serum cystatin C has been described as a new marker for the detection of this type of injury. In this study, our aim was to compare the glomerular filtration rate estimate...

OBJECTIVE Understanding how best to measure renal function in HIV-infected patients is critical because estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in HIV-infected patients can be affected by ethnicity and body composition. We validated the available eGFR equations and compared them to the plasma Tc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Tc-DTPA) clearance in HIV-infected patients. DESIGN Test o...