We report results of our submissions to the WMT 2010 shared translation task in which we applied a system that includes adaptive language and translation models. Adaptation is implemented using exponentially decaying caches storing previous translations as the history for new predictions. Evidence from the cache is then mixed with the global background model. The main problem in this setup is e...

In this paper we focus on the important role of human language technology as one of the key technologies for the universal access to worldwide digital libraries. In particular, linguistic barriers caused by the multilingual nature of the global information pool require solutions from cross-language information retrieval and machine translation. In our research we developed a machine translation...

Limited nutrient availability is a cause of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), a condition that has important implications for the well being of the offspring. Using the established IUGR model of maternal fasting in the rat, we investigated mechanisms that control gene expression and mRNA translation in late-gestation fetal liver. Maternal fasting for 48 h during the last one-third of gest...

Because multiple myeloma (MM) cells are at risk for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, they require a carefully regulated mechanism to promote protein translation of selected transcripts when proliferation is stimulated. MAPK-interacting kinases (MNKs) may provide this mechanism by enhancing cap-dependent translation of a small number of critical transcripts. We, thus, tested whether MNKs playe...

Cells respond to external stress conditions by controlling gene expression, a process which occurs rapidly via post-transcriptional regulation at the level of protein synthesis. Global control of translation is mediated by modification of translation factors to allow reprogramming of the translatome and synthesis of specific proteins that are required for stress protection or initiation of apop...

Messenger RNA acts as an informational molecule between DNA and translating ribosomes. Emerging evidence places mRNA in central cellular processes beyond its major function as informational entity. Although individual examples show that specific structural features of mRNA regulate translation and transcript stability, their role and function throughout the bacterial transcriptome remains unkno...

In his paper, "Haruki Murakami and the Ethics of Translation," Will Slocombe argues that despite the fact that Murakami has gained world-wide popularity recently, there has been little critical attention to his works outside of the comparatively narrow area of Japanese studies. Slocombe proposes that Murakami is too important an author to be limited in this way because of his definition of "tra...

Global repression of protein synthesis is a hallmark of the cellular stress response and has been attributed primarily to inhibition of translation initiation, although this mechanism may not always explain the full extent of repression. Here, using ribosome footprinting, we show that 2 hr of severe heat stress triggers global pausing of translation elongation at around codon 65 on most mRNAs i...

The article deals with the specifics of dramatic texts translation – separately considered dramas intended for staging and those intented reading. It also analyzes recurrent errors made by students interpreting-translation studies. identified problems mainly concern following areas: inappropriately chosen global strategy, neglecting intertextual valences, pragmatic (logical) error, incorrent fi...