OBJECTIVE To evaluate the evidence regarding the use of ethanol lock therapy (ELT) for catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) prophylaxis and treatment. DATA SOURCES A literature search was conducted using PubMed (August 2003-January 2013) with search terms: ethanol lock, ethanol locks, ethanol lock therapy, prophylaxis, prevention, catheter-related bloodstream infection, and catheter...

This study was conducted to characterize virulence genes of Escherichia coli isolates from water, sediment, fish, and crab in Aby Lagoon. Serogrouping was performed by EPEC antisera in 113 E. coli strains. The presence of diarrhea-associated genes (eae, stx, AggR, elt, and est) was assessed by multiplex PCR using specific primers. Based on the multiplex PCR, sixty-two isolates (42 from water, 1...

In today's multicarrier modulation systems such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete multitone (DMT), modulation is accomplished digitally by the use of the inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT). Instead of the IDFT, any other orthogonal transform can be used. In this paper a multicarrier scheme based on extended lapped transforms (ELT) is investigated. With the ...

Performance of AO systems on ELTs depends not just on seeing; other parameters such as strength of high-altitude turbulence are more relevant for the laser tomography. Nights good for some instruments are not so good for others, so there is a clear advantage to go from the simple queue scheduling on seeing to a more complex strategy of selecting in a multi-parameter space. The need to know thos...

A SAGE library was prepared from hand-dissected intestines from adult Caenorhabditis elegans, allowing the identification of >4000 intestinally-expressed genes; this gene inventory provides fundamental information for understanding intestine function, structure and development. Intestinally-expressed genes fall into two broad classes: widely-expressed "housekeeping" genes and genes that are eit...

Burkholderia pseudomallei is a Gram-negative soil bacterium that infects both humans and animals. Although cell culture studies have revealed significant insights into factors contributing to virulence and host defense, the interactions between this pathogen and its intact host remain to be elucidated. To gain insights into the host defense responses to B. pseudomallei infection within an intac...

Textbook as an essential component of learning was required to assist in education that promotes gender equality. The findings previous studies on issues language textbook mostly indicated they depicted biases and stereotypes. To continue the study about textbook, present looked at visual textual data representing equality focused sector ELT textbooks for ninth graders Indonesian junior high sc...

Mastering grammar and vocabulary in communication are seemingly insufficient for learners to communicate with different societies worldwide. For this rationale, cultures ELT materials took a pivotal role equipping intercultural communicative competence (ICC). Hence, the researchers critically analyze two national commercial textbooks commonly used senior high schools tenth eleventh grades any a...

Determining the absolute chronology of ceramic artifacts has significant implications for archeological and historical research. Wilson, Hall et al. recently suggested a new technique for direct absolute dating of archeological ceramics based on a moisture-induced chemical reaction, called rehydroxylation (RHX) dating. RHX dating proceeds by measuring the mass of chemically combined water in th...