E arly in the fifteenth century, a figure known as La Pittura—literally, “the picture”—began to appear in Italian art (Fig. 280). As art historian Mary D. Garrard has noted, the emergence of the figure of La Pittura, the personification of painting, could be said to announce the cultural arrival of painting as an art. In the Middle Ages, painting was never included among the liberal arts—those ...

The order of Carnivora has been very well characterized with over 50 species analyzed by chromosome painting and with painting probe sets made for 9 Carnivora species. Representatives of almost all families have been studied with few exceptions (Otariidae, Odobenidae, Nandiniidae, Prionodontidae). The patterns of chromosome evolution in Carnivora are discussed here. Overall, many Carnivora spec...

d for more than three thousand years, Chinese painting emphasizes "implicit meaning", and painters’ using a minimal number of brush strokes to express their deepest feelings. Landscapes of the most important themes in Chinese painting. Trees are the essential painting objects. This resents a set of novel methods to automatically draw trees in Chinese ink painting from 3D al models. Outline rend...

The technique of chromosome-in-situ suppression (CISS)-hybridization (chromosome painting) has now been well established. However, all standard protocols so far require long renaturation times (typically 12 hours and more). Here, we describe a new, extremely fast protocol for chromosome painting using a commercially available, directly fluorescence labelled probe for chromosome 8. The hybridiza...

one of the special islamic arts, calligraphy was given a great reputation because of its association with quranic verses from its earliest appearance on kufic script. this spiritual support along with the utilization of kufic on craft decoration cause the advent of different kinds of kufic, and different cultures and eras flourished its vast variety of unique characteristics. among all of islam...

In previous articles, the author proposed that paintings can have syntactic rules. In this article he develops his proposal further and shows that shapes act as syntactic elements in the languages of painting styles. He meets Nelson Goodman's objections to his proposal by showing that shapes meet the criterion of syntactic discreteness proposed by the latter to separate linguistic from other sy...