Most current natural language based Geographical Information Systems (GIS) still interact with the user with the “question-answer” model. They do not support users effectively because the communication between the user and the system is easy to be broken down due to the ambiguity nature of the natural language. The collaborative interaction model was proposed for GIS so that GIS could simulate ...

The implementation and development of effective mentoring is crucial to the growth and success of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) librarianship and staffi ng. Mentoring is necessary to fi ll the gaps for all staff members, especially students. I propose that mentoring can assuage many of the staffi ng obstacles to successful GIS programs. Effective mentoring will create a healthy and produ...

The development of fuzzy sets in geographic information systems (GIS) arose out of the need to handle uncertainty and the ability of soft computing technology to support fuzzy information processing. An overview of the fundamentals of fuzzy sets is used to illustrate its use in GIS. The use of some terms within both the GIS and fuzzy information processing community is clarified. Since one of t...

Despite the progress in critical geographic information systems (GIS) research in recent years [1], geographical discourse is still dominated by dualist thinking that understands GIS largely as a tool for quantitative or empiricist spatial analysis. This dualist understanding of geographical methods—which was partly fuelled by the erce polemics between critical geographers and GIS users/researc...

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have become a fact of our life as they are being used by more people and organizations for more complex decision problems than ever before. The use of GIS can achieve valuable benefits for individuals, organizations and society; however, the achievement of these benefits depends on the success of GIS. While information systems (IS) success models have receiv...

Mobile Geographical Information System (Mobile GIS) is a Geographical Information System based on mobile computing and mobile Internet. It is not a conventional GIS modified to operate on a smaller computer, but an extension of Web GIS to mobile Internet including wireless Internet/Intranet and mobile communication network. But architectures of Web GIS are unsuitable for Mobile GIS, because of ...

All kind of data is the important component of a GIS studies. The data which will be used for GIS works is mostly provided from an digitized maps, existing paper maps, areal photos or satellites images. Nowadays the data from GPS can be used to make plans and maps of the studied area and the GPS data can be converted into the GIS environment more easily. GIS and GPS integration systems have som...

he expanding presence of geographic information system (GIS) offices within organizations has helped to enhance the availability of GIS data and expertise, but not always to the benefit of the entire organization within which it is working. The separation— and frequently, isolation—of GIS specialists within agencies, institutions, and organizations often limits the potential usefulness of GIS t...