In Part I of this publication the index systems used to evaluate gingival health and disease as well as the epidemiological methods to assess the periodontal conditions have been presented. This paper will present the most commonly used methods to evaluate the oral hygiene status of patients and populations. Furthermore, miscellaneous parameters used in epidemiological studies on periodontal di...

BACKGROUND The risks/benefits balance of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the periodontal status of a postmenopausal women group receiving HRT and to determine the effects of HRT on clinical measures of periodontal disease. MATERIAL/METHODS Ninety-one postmenopausal women, 52 taking HRT (HRT+) and 39 not taking HRT (HRT-), completed the s...

Gingival overgrowth occurs mainly as a result of certain anti-seizure, immunosuppressive, or antihypertensive drug therapies. Excess gingival tissues impede oral function and are disfiguring. Effective oral hygiene is compromised in the presence of gingival overgrowth, and it is now recognized that this may have negative implications for the systemic health of affected patients. Recent studies ...

OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of gingival display during smiling and to compare biometric measurements in subjects with and without gingival display. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY Department of Prosthodontics, Dr. Ishrat-ul-Ibad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, from October 2012 to March 2013. METH...

AIM To evaluate the efficacy of platelet rich fibrin (PRF) with or without bone graft [demineralized bone matrix (DBM) graft] in the treatment of intrabony defects based on clinical and radiographic parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty six intrabony defects in 36 patients were randomly divided into three different groups and were treated with group A (PRF with DBM) or group B (PRF alone) ...

BACKGROUND Superoxide dismutase (SOD), an antioxidant acting against superoxide (oxygen radical, O(2)(∙-)), it is released in inflammatory pathways and causes connective tissue breakdown. Increased SOD activity in inflamed gingiva may indicate increased O(2)(∙-) radical generation by neutrophils and other inflammatory cells at the diseased site. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects ...

Background: Gingival biotype is one of the most important factors that impede success in dental treatments; it affects the outcomes of periodontal surgery, and restorative treatments. Researchers classified gingival biotypes into thin biotype and thick biotype. It is crucial to identify tissue biotype before treatment. Aim of Study: To determine the prevalence of gingival biotypes in a Syrian p...

Gingival recession is defined as “Displacement of soft tissue margin apical to the cemento-enamel junction”. Gingival recessions require treatment for many reasons – impaired aesthetic appearance, root sensitivity, cervical caries or abrasion. Presence of gingival recession and gingival inflammation in areas with a lack or narrow band of attached gingiva is identified as a mucogingival problem....

Gingival fibromatosis is a progressive gingival enlargement caused by an over growth of the collagenous element of the gingival fibrous connective tissue. Pharmacologically induced, hereditary (familial) and idiopathic forms of gingival fibromatosis are recognized. This paper reports a case of idiopathic gingival fibromatosis in a 13 year old boy involving the right maxillary and mandibular arc...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Hereditary gingival fibromatosis is characterized by various degrees of attached gingival overgrowth. It usually develops as an isolated disorder but can be one feature of a syndrome. A case of a 38-year-old female is reported who presented a generalized severe gingival overgrowth, involving the maxillary and mandibular arches and covering almost all teeth. The clinical differen...