in recent decades, persian language dialects are also changing along with the language itself. so, recording the social characteristics of these dialects is of great importance. the results of these studies can be used in social and educational policies, language planning and comparative studies of dialectology. the writers of this article study the social characteristics of family and gender e...

The paper proposes a novel solution to the problem of exceptional scope (ES) of (in)definites, exemplified by the widest and intermediate scope readings of the sentence Every student of mine read every poem that a famous Romanian poet wrote. We propose that the ES readings have two sources: (i) discourse anaphora to particular sets of entities and quantificational dependencies between these ent...

Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) appears to be a successful technique for the treatment of achalasia [1]. Only a few cases of delayed bleeding have been described [2]. Here, we report a case of esophageal hematoma that developed 1 day after a patient on acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) therapy underwent POEM. A 59-year-old woman with type II achalasia was referred for a POEM procedure. She had a pas...

Historical research shows that many physicians experienced in medical sciences are also talented in art, literature and poetry. Avicenna was a sage who was skilled in poetry in addition to philosophy and medicine. He wrote two different types of poetry: those meant to be enjoyed for their literary qualities of novelty and imagination, and his didactic Urjuzeh. Didactic poems are different from ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Per-oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a minimally invasive endoscopic treatment option for patients with achalasia and has been performed since 2010. It is less invasive than Heller myotomy and its use is spreading rapidly worldwide. We present our results of POEM that, to the best of our knowledge, are the first cases in Turkey. MATERIALS AND METHODS We enrolled patients betw...

This paper aims at illustrating how narrative theories can apply to the analysis of lyric poetry with an example from Korean literature: The Azaleas by Kim Sowöl. This poem in seven-and-five-syllable meter as well as with its thematic aspect that is concerned with lamentation or broken heart is considered the most representative of the folkloric tradition in the history of Korean lyric poetry. ...

Background and study aims  Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) can be performed via an anterior or posterior approach, depending on the operator's preference. Data are lacking on comparative outcomes of both approaches. Patients and methods  This is a pilot randomized study comparing endoscopic anterior and posterior myotomy during POEM in patients with Achalasia cardia (AC). Patients were rand...