The Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) is susceptible to infection with Giardia duodenalis trophozoites. Each animal was orally infected with 0.5 ml Diamond's TYIS-33 culture medium containing 10(6) trophozoites. Cysts were then collected and concentrated by sucrose gradient centrifugation. G. duodenalis cysts were first observed in feces on day 5 post-infection. The characteristic of G. ...

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed to detect amebic antigen in polyethylene-glycol-precipitable circulating immune complexes. Seventy-nine percent of 191 patients with amebic liver abscesses and 46% of 26 Entamoeba histolytica cyst passers had positive tests. None of the samples from 43 apparently healthy controls, 8 patients with past amebic liver abscesses or 31 p...

Sedimentation is thought to be one of the mechanisms of microbial reduction from wetlands used for wastewater treatment. This study compared the occurrence and survival of enteric indicator microorganisms and pathogens in the water column and sediments of two constructed surface flow wetlands in Arizona. On a volume/wet weight basis the concentration of fecal coliforms and coliphage in the wate...

background: based on genotyping study of human isolates of giardia lamblia ; humans are mainly infected by two assemblages a and b. the present study was carried out to determine the sub-assemblages of g. lamblia isolated from food handlers referred to kashan health centers, central iran, 2015. methods: in this cross-sectional study, 3653 stool samples collected from food-handlers that annually...

The sensitivity and specificity of current Giardia cyst detection methods for foods are largely determined by the effectiveness of the elution, separation, and concentration methods used. The aim of these methods is to produce a final suspension with an adequate concentration of Giardia cysts for detection and a low concentration of interfering food debris. In the present study, a microfluidic ...

The use of propidium iodide, whose uptake indicates cell death or damage, was investigated to assess the viability of heat-inactivated and chemically inactivated Giardia muris cysts. This was done by comparing propidium iodide staining with excystation. We first determined that propidium iodide could be used with an immunofluorescence detection procedure by showing that the percentages of Giard...

Various physical factors affecting the release rate of naturally occurring Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts and Giardia duodenalis cysts from dairy manure disks to sprinkled water were studied. The investigated factors included temperature (5 or 23 degrees C), manure type (calf manure, a 50% calf and 50% cow manure mixture, and a 10% calf and 90% cow manure mixture), and water application method ...

Although pigs are commonly infected with Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis, including potentially zoonotic species or genotypes, little is known about age-related infection levels, seasonal differences and genetic variation in naturally infected pigs raised in organic management systems. Therefore, the current study was conducted to assess seasonal and age-related variations in preval...