The production of biogas from six agricultural crops was analysed regarding energy efficiency and greenhouse gas (GHG) performance for vehicle fuel from a field-to-tank perspective, with focus on critical parameters and on calculation methods. The energy efficiency varied from 35% to 44%, expressed as primary energy input per energy unit vehicle gas produced. The GHG reduction varied from 70% t...

There has been a rapid growth in using agricultural residues as an energy source to generate electricity in China. Biomass power generation (BPG) systems may vary significantly in technology, scale, and feedstock and consequently in their performances. A comparative evaluation of five typical BPG systems has been conducted in this study through a hybrid life cycle inventory (LCI) approach. Resu...

The European Union, as a signatory to the Paris Agreement, has approached action against greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and climate change quite ambitiously, striving achieve neutrality by 2050. Extension of Green Deal policy implementation Western Balkans can only increase chances neutral agenda. Expectations from Montenegro in coming period are transposable other countries they urged start im...

Rice is an essential crop in Ghana. Several aspects of rice have been studied to increase its production; however, the environmental aspects, including impact on climate change, have not been studied well. There is therefore a gap in knowledge, and hence the need for continuous research. By accessing academic portals, such as Springer Open, InTech Open, Elsevier, and the Kwame Nkrumah Universit...

Under the Kyoto Protocol, Japan was supposed to reduce six percent of the green house gas (GHG) emission in 2012. However, until the year 2010, the statistics suggested that the GHG emission increased 4.2%. What is more challenge is, after Fukushima crisis, without the nuclear energy, Japan may produce about 15 percent more GHG emissions than 1990 in this fiscal year. It still has to struggle t...

The ability of biochar applications to alter greenhouse gases (GHGs) (CO, CH, and NO) has been attracting research interest. However, inconsistent published results necessitate further exploration of potential influencing factors, including biochar properties, biochar rates, soil textures and mineralogy, and their interactions. Two short-term laboratory incubations were conducted to evaluate th...

The use of recycling techniques in pavement construction offers significant benefits of resource conservation and emission reduction. While the environmental benefits are generally considered as business expenses, a new trend is to turn sustainable construction into profit. By generating financial revenue via carbon trading mechanism, asphalt producers and road builders can compensate their sus...

Deforestation and forest degradation in the tropics is a major source of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The tropics also harbour more than half the world's threatened species, raising the possibility that reducing GHG emissions by curtailing tropical deforestation could provide substantial co-benefits for biodiversity conservation. Here we explore the potential for such co-benefits in I...

A hybrid life cycle-based trans-boundary greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions footprint is elucidated at the city-scale and evaluated for 8 US cities. The method incorporates end-uses of energy within city boundaries, plus cross-boundary demand for airline/freight transport and embodied energy of four key urban materials [food, water, energy (fuels), and shelter (cement)], essential for life in all c...

Mounting public concern about climate change has prompted the Canadian government to respond with a major policy effort to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Since early 2006, the Conservative government has launched a series of initiatives under its “ecoACTION” banner, culminating in the release in April 2007 of its “regulatory framework for air emissions,” which is currently under consult...