OBJECTIVE To compare the use of metformin with that of insulin for the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) unresponsive to diet therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective observational study, maternal glycemic control and perinatal outcome in diabetic pregnancies were compared between 2 obstetric units, one using insulin therapy and the...

F or over two decades I have religiously clung to the notion that maternal hyperglycemia is the root of all evil in pregnancies complicated by diabetes (1). To this end, I have valiantly waved the flag for universal screening for gestational diabetes (2), intensified glucose monitoring (3,4), and intensified insulin delivery for all women with hyperglycemia in pregnancy (5). In addition, I cham...

T he occurrence of congenital malformations continues to be the leading cause of mortality and serious morbidity in infants of mothers with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in spite of advancement in understanding pregnancy metabolism and treatment. The perinatal morbidity also remains relatively high in women who develop glucose intolerance of any degree with onset or first recognition during pregna...

Gestational diabetes is one of the most prevalent medical complications of pregnancy and causes increased fetal wastage. Investigation of placentas from diabetic mothers indicate chronic disturbances in intervillous, circulation, dilatation of capillaries, and a relatively immature villous structure. Abnormal levels of nitric oxide (NO) may contribute to maternal disorders such as the pathogene...

The present article consists of the basic knowledge about diabetes with its classification as Type 1, 2, gestational well other types mellitus (DM). Diabetes is a long-term metabolic disorder defined by increased blood glucose levels. Insulin secretion and action are defective in diabetic patients. leads to irreversible damage failure many organs because chronic hyperglycemia. They have complex...

Among young type 1 diabetic women disturbances of reproductive system and other related disorders are often present. The present paper, which reviews the literature of the part several years aims to present some of those disorders. Special attention is focused on menstrual irregularities, fertility and sexual problems. Type 1 diabetic women usually have a delayed menarche and an early onset of ...

Placenta is the major exchange surface between mother and fetus and plays a pivotal role in fetal development. A better understanding of the mechanisms by which diabetes alters placental function may allow better management of diabetes pregnancies. In this study, we attempt to investigate the effect of diabetic milieu with and without malformation on placental function. In order to investigate ...

BACKGROUND The adverse effects on offspring of diabetic and/or obese mothers can be passed to the next generation. However, the mechanisms behind this are still unclear. Epigenetics may play a key role during this process. METHODS To confirm the hypothesis, we investigated the DNA methylation of several imprinted genes in spermatozoa of offspring from diabetic and/or obese mothers utilizing s...

Background:Diabetes has long been associated with maternal and perinatal mobidity and mortality. Infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) have higher risks for serious problems during pregnancy, delivery and early neonatal period. Abnormal fetal metabolism during pregnancy which is complicated by maternal diabetes mellitus results in multiple neonatal sequelae. Objective: To study the clinical, metab...