The moral status of genetic material and information, and the ethics of controlling and manipulating them, is a topic of hot debate in many European countries, including The Netherlands. That heat is due partly to the complexity of the topic, and partly to researchers' fear that their investigations will be hampered by restrictions on the use of personal data or body material. But there is litt...

Individuals and societal groups are questioning the practice of patenting human genetic material in the context of medical research and health care, where diverse ethical, social, and political objections are being raised by critics. A recent case provides a broad legal theory, the common law cause of action, unjust enrichment, and a precedent for challenging the commercialization and patenting...

the synthesis of nano- structured cobalt through a controlled chemical process followed by heat treating at various temperatures is studied. the product is characterized by icp, xrd, fesem , and tem, indicating that the as- synthesized particles have an amorphous structure with 1.76 for co/b ratio, an average size of 50 nm. the transformation of intermediate phases into single phase nano- cryst...

Landrace (or in situ) varieties of important crop species are becoming increasingly important to global agriculture as gene banks have increasing trouble keeping pace with the need for genetic material for plant breeders. However genetic erosion (or permanent loss of genetically diverse landrace varieties) poses significant threat to the viability of important genetic material. Processes associ...