The Rational Expectations Permanent Income Hypothesis implies that consumption follows a martingale. However, most empirical tests have rejected the hypothesis. Those empirical tests are based on linear models. If the data generating process is non-linear, conventional tests may not assess some of the randomness properly. As a result, inference based on conventional tests of linear models can b...

In sub-Saharan Africa, women participate in the rural labor market where they are present subsistence agro-pastoral activities, which more domestic work and, other income-generating activities such as trading. Within studies carried out on women’s status communities, those women's access to certain contexts Ghanaian urban areas, have revealed that, contribute a redistribution of gender roles ho...

Women’s empowerment is a broad concept, and it defined as multidimensional social process at different levels. The government of Nepal has declared 33% women's participation in various sectors. It also introduced female quota for women’s organizations. study analyzed the role factors involvement income-generating activities empowerment. used descriptive explanatory research design. was conducte...

This paper focuses mainly on social aspects concerning trust and network, especially in higher education institutions. Trust plays a crucial role as social capital and is an important factor of social order, especially in countries in transition. The hypothesis that low trust is one major problem of entrepreneurship will be examined. In low-trust environments, trust is abused as soon as it is p...

Europe is perceived to be lagging behind the US in converting its academic results into economic outcomes. Using new survey data on European and US technology transfer offices (TTOs), we find that differences in academic research, TTO staff and experience explain to a great extent the gap between the US and Europe in terms of the number of license agreements concluded. However, these factors ac...