BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal and liver diseases (GILD) constitute a noteworthy portion of causes of death and disability in Iran. However, data on their prevalence and burden is sparse in Iran. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study in 2010 has provided invaluable comprehensive data on the burden of GILD in Iran. METHODS Estimations of death, years of life lost due to premature death (YLL), ye...

1. GBD 2015 Tobacco Collaborators. Smoking prevalence and attributable disease burden in 195 countries territories, 1990–2015: A systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet. 2017;389(10082):1885–1906. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30819-X. CrossRef Google Scholar

BACKGROUND Dietary risk factors constitute some of the leading risk factors for cardiovascular disease in Iran. The current study reports the burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) attributable to a low omega-3 fatty acids intake in Iran using the data of the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2010. METHODS We used data on Iran for the years 1990, 2005, and 2010 derived from the GBD Study c...

Introduction Initiated in 1992, the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study was conducted at the request of the World Bank and in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) to develop a set of consistent estimates of disease and injury rates for 1990, as well as to develop a comparative index of the burden of each disease or injury, either from premature mortality or time lived with le...

We have solved Cosmological Gravitational Wave(GW) equation in the frame work of Gen-eralised Brans-Dicke(GBD) theory for all epochs of the Universe.The solutions are expresed in terms of the present value of the Brans-Dicke coupling parameter ω(φ).It is seen that the solutions represent travelling growing modes for negative values of ω 0 for all epochs of the Universe.

We show error-free 10 GBd QPSK data transmission performance using orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes that are multiplexed and demultiplexed by a low-loss, hybrid-integrated device based on a silica planar lightwave circuit (PLC) coupled to a 3-D photonic integrated circuit.

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia, eczema and immunodeficiency. WASP, the gene responsible for WAS, has been identified by positional cloning, contains a PH domain, a GBD domain, a proline rich region, and a verprolin/cofilin homology domain. Subsequent studies suggest that WASP is involved in signal transduction and in the regulation of th...

BACKGROUND Setting priorities for the prevention of stroke requires an empirical understanding of the pattern of disease burden and exposure to major risk factors. In this manuscript we aim to report the methodology of a systematic review of the epidemiological literature on stroke and how this information will be synthesized to produce updated estimates of the global burden of stroke. METHOD...

Background and Aims: Acute calculous cholecystitis with impending gall bladder perforation in severe liver diseases including decompensated cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is difficult to manage, due to the procedures such as cholecystectomy and per cutaneous cholecystostomy being associated with high risk and complications in these patients. Methods: Four cases of severe li...

BACKGROUND Surgery is a foundational component of health-care systems. However, previous efforts to integrate surgical services into global health initiatives do not reflect the scope of surgical need and many health systems do not provide essential interventions. We estimate the minimum global volume of surgical need to address prevalent diseases in 21 epidemiological regions from the Global B...