In this chapter, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract that primarily affect areas other than the oral cavity are discussed. This chapter is not intended to be a complete review of all diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract; rather, emphasis is on the medical aspects, the dentist’s role as a primary health care provider in screening for undiagnosed conditions, and the dentist’s role in ...

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a rod-shaped, gram-negative bacillus normally found in the lower gastrointestinal tract and is part of the normal intestinal flora. In hospital settings, E. coli most commonly causes urinary tract infections. Respiratory tract infections due to E. coli are uncommon, though there have been several published reports that chronicle E. coli pneumonia in the pediatric i...

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) provides high-resolution and real-time visualization of various layers the gastrointestinal (GI) tract beyond by combining technology with endoscopic [...]

BACKGROUND Claudins, being part of the tight junction protein family, partially determine the integrity and paracellular permeability of the intestinal epithelium. The aim of this study was twofold. First, the authors set out to create an overview of claudin mRNA expression along the proximal-distal axis of the healthy human intestine. Second, the authors aimed to analyze expression levels of c...

Eosinophilic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract are increasingly rare but remain an important cause of long-standing gastrointestinal symptoms. Diagnosis is usually delayed because the disease mimics other inflammatory disorders and is often not suspected initially. We report a series of four cases to highlight the various imaging appearances of this condition. Two patients...

this investigation was undertaken to verify the prevalence of helminths parasites in the gastrointestinal tract of catfish. a total number of 116 catfish (silurus glanis) were collected from zarrine-roud river and examined for helminths. fish were examined after washing contents of gastrointestinal tract and observed for the presence of helminths using a stereo microscope and a light microscope...

The Effect of Lactobacillus Reuteri Isolated from Gastrointestinal Tract Iranian Native Poultry on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Blood Parameters and Immune Response Broiler Chickens

The gastrointestinal tract of complex metazoans is highly compartmentalized. It is lined by a series of specialized epithelia that are regenerated by specific populations of stem cells. To maintain tissue homeostasis, the proliferative activity of stem and/or progenitor cells has to be carefully controlled and coordinated with regionally distinct programs of differentiation. Metaplasias and dys...

BACKGROUND Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare systemic disease characterized by the abnormal overproduction of histiocytes that tend to infiltrate single or multiple organ systems leading to significant tissue damage. It mainly affects - by order of decreasing frequency - the bone, the skin, the lymph nodes, the liver, and lungs. Gastrointestinal tract involvement is extremely rare in adul...

Gastrointestinal neoplasia seems to be a common consequence of chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal epithelium. Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) is an important transcription factor for carcinogenesis in chronic inflammatory diseases and plays a key role in promoting inflammation-associated carcinoma in the gastrointestinal tract. Activation of NF-κB is regulated by several posttranslation...