Roles The primary role of the Hyperbaric Medicine Unit is to provide treatment for any casualties that arise from military diving training at the Defence Diving School. Fortunately such casualties are infrequent but, since inexperience is associated with likelihood of a diving accident, the natural choice of location for a fixed facility is close to the diving training establishment. Another im...

Carbon monoxide (CO) is the most common toxic gas. It is odourless, colourless, inflammable, and highly toxic. CO is released during incomplete combustion of carboncontaining substances. This gas is the most frequent cause of death by accidental poisoning, as well as being responsible for a significant percentage of suicides. Prevalence of death by CO poisoning increases during the winter due t...

Every winter the prolonged use of poorly maintained gas stoves in badly ventilated houses gives rise to several cases of carbon monoxide poisoning. The formation of this gas is a severe hazard because of its affinity for haemoglobin, which is about 300 times more than that for oxygen.' Moreover, carbon monoxide shifts to the left the dissociation curve of any oxyhaemoglobin that remains -and he...

bachground: acute carbon monoxide poisoning (cop) is a common problem that occurs more frequently during winter and leads to serious complications. in our poisoning referral center, the incidence and complications of acute cop has not been evaluated previously. therefore we designed a study to evaluate its significance in our center. methods & materials: 111 cases of acute cop admitted during f...

aluminium phosphide (alp) is used to kill rodents in grain storage. it produces phosphine gas which is toxic for mitochondria. the exact mechanism of action is unclear, but phosphine is thought to produce toxicity by blocking cytochrome-c oxidase, which inhibits oxidative phosphorylation and result in cell death. this poisoning has a high mortality, and survival is unlikely if more than 1.5 g i...

Among the blistering (vesicant) chemical warfare agents (CWA), sulfur mustard is the most important since it is known as the “King of chemical warfare agents”. The use of sulfur mustard has caused serious damages in several organs, especially the eyes, skin, respiratory, central and peripheral nervous systems after short and long term exposure, incapacitating and even killing people and troops....

INTRODUCTION Methanol is a highly toxic substance and methanol poisoning results in severe health situations. Methanol poisoning occurs when it is consumed by various methods such as orally, by inhalation, and transdermally. Transdermal poisoning is rarely seen and causes severe health complications. CASE PRESENTATION A 59-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency room due to blurre...

STUDY OBJECTIVE Accurate and timely diagnosis of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is difficult because of nonspecific symptoms. Multiwave pulse oximetry might facilitate the screening for occult poisoning by noninvasive measurement of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb), but its reliability is still unknown. We assess bias and precision of COHb oximetry compared with the criterion standard blood gas analysi...

Three out of four fatal accidents in the home involve people aged 65 years or more, and in more than half the victim is over 75. In 1964 3 % of all the deaths of men and 4.8% of all the deaths of women of 65 and over were attributable to accidents rather than disease (Boucher, 1966). Old people spend relatively little time out of doors. We recognize that they are specially at risk in traffic, y...

During an outbreak of methanol poisonings in the Czech Republic in 2012, we were able to study methanol and formate elimination half-lives during intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) and continuous veno-venous hemodialysis/hemodiafiltration (CVVHD/HDF) and the relative impact of dialysate and blood flow rates on elimination. Data were obtained from 11 IHD and 13 CVVHD/HDF patients. Serum methanol an...