Samples of the perivitelline fluid in the polar pockets of preblastoderm Drosophila embryos were analyzed with an electron microprobe, and the results compared with analyses of adult hemolymph. The concentrations of sodium, magnesium, calcium, chlorine, and phosphorus are about the same in these two fluids; but potassium and sulfur are three to four times higher in perivitelline fluid. Moreover...

1. A consensus view holds that anesthetics act by van der Waals forces in hydrophobic pockets of select brain proteins to ablate consciousness. 2. What is consciousness? Enigmatic features of consciousness (e.g. 'qualia', binding, non-computability, pre-conscious-->conscious transition, nondeterministic free will) may be explained by the occurrence of quantum coherent states in the brain. 3. Va...

introduction: deep periodontal pockets pose a great challenge for nonsurgical periodontal treatment. scaling and root planing (srp) alone may not suffice in cases where surgical therapy cannot be undertaken. various recent studies have suggested the use of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (apdt) for the management of periodontal infections. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of...

Advances reported over the last few years and the increasing availability of protein crystal structure data have greatly improved structure-based druggability approaches. However, in practice, nearly all druggability estimation methods are applied to protein crystal structures as rigid proteins, with protein flexibility often not directly addressed. The inclusion of protein flexibility is impor...

The Fermi surface topologies of underdoped samples of the high-T(c) superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O(8+δ) have been measured with angle resolved photoemission. By examining thermally excited states above the Fermi level, we show that the observed Fermi surfaces in the pseudogap phase are actually components of fully enclosed hole pockets. The spectral weight of these pockets is vanishingly small at ...

Target selection is a critical step in the majority of modern drug discovery programs. The viability of a drug target depends on two components: biological relevance and chemical tractability. The concept of druggability was introduced to describe the second component, and it is defined as the ability of a target to bind a drug-like molecule with a therapeutically useful level of affinity. To i...

This paper argues that a commitment to ‘shallow pockets’, namely by limiting the size of funds raised initially, may improve an investor’s ability to deal with entrepreneurial agency problems. Shallow pockets allow the investor to create competition for continuation finance between her portfolio entrepreneurs. Although this increases the investor’s ex post bargaining power vis-à-vis entrepreneu...

We observe apparent hole pockets in the Fermi surfaces of single-layer Bi-based cuprate superconductors from angle-resolved photoemission. From detailed low-energy electron diffraction measurements and an analysis of the angle-resolved photoemission polarization dependence, we show that these pockets are not intrinsic but arise from multiple overlapping superstructure replicas of the main and s...