Potato late blight (PLB) caused by Phytophthora infestans (Pi) is the most harmful disease in potato production worldwide. In organic farming, copper is used despite its persistence in soil and toxicity to soil organisms. To replace copper, suspensions of powders from three promising botanicals, including bark of buckthorn (Frangula alnus, FA), roots of medicinal rhubarb (Rheum palmatum) and ga...

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAllA), acting on type-A and type-B receptors, is the main inhibitory transmitter in the mammalian visual system. The organization of circuits, the localization of GABAergic synaptic terminals, and the expression of GABA A receptors show selective distribution according to neuronal classes and visual channels. For example, it has been shown that in the dorsal lateral ge...

A system of replicators with Hebbian random couplings is studied using dynamical methods. The self-reproducing species are here characterized by a set of binary traits and interact based on complementarity. In the case of an extensive number of traits we use path-integral techniques to demonstrate how the coupled dynamics of the system can be formulated in terms of an effective single-species p...

BACKGROUND Qeshm (26.75N, 55.82E), Iran, is 1500 km² island in the Strait of Hormuz. Qeshm is a free trade zone, acting as an important channel for international commerce, and has been the site of much recent development. There is potential risk of stinging ant attacks for residents and visitors that may occur in the island. The aims of this study were to find out the fauna, dispersion, and som...

KOTCHEN,THEODORE A., JOHN H. GALLA, AND ROBERT G. LUKE. Failure of NaHCO, and KHCO, to inhibit renin in the rat. Am. J. Physiol. 231(4): 1050-1056. 1976. -To evaluate the contribution of chloride to NaCland KCl-induced renin inhibition, renin responses to NaCl or NaHCO, and to KC1 or KHCO, loading were compared in NaCl-deprived rats. Sodium balance in animals drinking isotonic NaHCO, and NaCl f...

California mastitis test (CMT), direct leukocytes counts and bacteriological examination were performed on 630 milk samples from apparently healthy mammary glands of dairy goats comprising a mixed population of German Alpine, Toggenberg, Saanen and Galla crosses to find the prevalence of subclinical mastitis. The prevalence of subclinical mastitis was 9.8% according to CMT, 9.7% according to di...

In recent years, ionic liquids have become increasingly attractive as 'green solvents' used in the extraction of bioactive compounds from natural plant. However, the separation of ionic liquid from the target compounds was difficult, due to their low vapour pressure and high stabilities. In our study, ionic liquid-based ultrasonic and microwave-assisted extraction was used to obtain the crude t...

Social science, more than ever, is drawing upon the insights of personality psychology. Though researchers now know that noncognitive skills and personality traits, such as conscientiousness, grit, self-control, or a growth mindset could be important for life outcomes, they struggle to find reliable measures of these skills. Self-reports are often used for analysis, but these measures have been...