Type 1 diabetes, as an autoimmune disease, presents several islet cell-specific autoantibodies such as islet cell antibody (ICA), anti-insulin, anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and the antibody (Ab) against tyrosine phosphatase (PTP)-like protein known as ICA-512 (IA-2). In order to determine the frequency of the anti-GAD and anti-IA-2 autoantibodies in Brazilian type 1 diabetes patients ...

P ositive islet cell–related autoantibody is thought to reflect the process of immune-mediated -cell damage symbolized by the insulitis, but there have been few reports on the pancreas histology of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). We report a study of pancreas histology and a longitudinal insulin secretion in a LADA patient. A 50-year-old woman treated with sulfonylurea from the age...

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory, autoimmune disorder that predominantly affects the intestines but can also affect extraintestinal organs. Certain neurological conditions, such as encephalitis, develop along with this disease. In case report, we present a of anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibody-associated encephalitis occurred shortly after diagnosis and was unrelated to treatment...

BACKGROUND Anti-neuronal autoimmunity may cause cognitive impairment that meets the criteria for dementia. Objective. Our aim was to detect the incidence and clinical features of autoimmune encephalitis imitating clinical findings of primary dementia disorders and to delineate the validity of anti-neuronal antibody screening in dementia patients. METHODS Fifty consecutive patients fulfilling ...

Stiff-person syndrome (SPS) is an autoimmune neurological disorder characterized by rigidity of the trunk and proximal limb muscles, intermittent superimposed spasms, and increased sensitivity to external stimuli. It has been more than 50 years since Moerch and Woltman reported the first 14 cases with this syndrome. During the last half century, many autoantibodies discovered, such as anti-glut...

Recently, 65-kDa glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD 65) antibodies (GADA) have been introduced as autoimmune markers in blood to confirm the diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). In this study, to evaluate two new assays that use 125I-labeled GAD 65, we assayed samples from 100 children with recent onset of diabetes and 100 control children, the results were compared with those...

Abbreviations: T1DM: Type 1 Diabetes; T2DM: Type 2 Diabetes; LADY: Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Youth; LADA: Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults; CS: Caesarean Section; SVD: Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery; HT: Hypertension; BMI: Body Mass index; A1c: Glycated Hemoglobin; HDL: High-Density Lipoprotein; LDL: Low-Density Lipoprotein; IAA: Anti-Insulin Antibodies; GAD: Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase A...

A 19 year old presented with a progressive decline in ejaculate volume over 2 weeks, followed by a complete absence of ejaculate emission. A post-ejaculatory urine specimen demonstrated spermatozoa confirming a diagnosis of retrograde ejaculation. Investigations revealed a raised blood glucose level of 24.5 mmol/L and HbA1c >15%, with positive tests for anti-GAD antibodies and anti-IA2 antibodi...