BACKGROUND The Albanian medical system and Albanian health legislation have adopted a paternalistic position with regard to individual decision making. This reflects the practices of a not-so-remote past when state-run facilities and a totalitarian philosophy of medical care were politically imposed. Because of this history, advance directives concerning treatment refusal and do-not-resuscitate...

With modern medical technology, it is now possible to sustain life for prolonged periods in critically ill patients, even when there is no reasonable hope of improvement or achieving the goals of therapy. Such futile and medically inappropriate interventions may violate both the ethical and medical precepts generally accepted by patients, families, and physicians. In this study, we sought to de...

background and purpose:: although it will be one of the most critical duties and skills of a general practitioner to manage outpatients in his office or at ambulatory care centers, our present medical education is based upon ward-based teaching and ambulatory care, as one important part of medical education, has been overlooked. we evaluate attitudes of faculty members of zahedan university of ...

iran is a large country with a total area of 1,645,000 square kilometers. the country’s population is estimated at about 31 millions. there is an uneven distribution of the population, varying from 2 to 50 per square kilometer. sixty per cent of the total population (18 millions) is living in nearly 66,000 small and large village’s scattered throughout the country. a total of 10,000 physicians ...

although american health policy debates address similar problems to other developed nations, it has factual and ideological specificities. i agree with chinitz and rodwin on the dominance of micro-economics thinking. however, i am not certain that learning from management theory or modifying medical education will be powerful enough to change the system. the vested interests of the stakeholders...

patients and methods a questionnaire was developed by a departmental checklist focus group, which aimed to identify the perception of health care checklists in general as well as specific checklists for routine and crisis situations in anesthesia. furthermore participants were asked regarding their perception of performing routine anesthesia and managing crisis situations without any cognitive ...

between 33%-46% of admissions in the emergency department(ed) are advanced or end-stage cancer patients. they usually stay in emergency for days for management of their symptoms (commonly pain and respiratory distress) or for terminal care. barriers for delivering palliative care services in the ed:- traditional attitude among the ed staff that practice life saving approaches for every patient ...