Fusion reactions below the Coulomb barrier provide new insights into multidimensional quantum tunneling, nuclear reaction dynamics and nuclear structure.1), 2) These reactions are also of considerable interest to nuclear astrophysics. The evolution of main sequence stars, in particular stellar nucleosynthesis is governed by subbarrier fusion.3) It may be worthwhile to review some of the basic a...

The DD fusion reactions in various materials have been studied, and enhancements in the rate of the D(d,p)T fusion reaction over the Gamow function were clearly seen in the materials. Of particular interest is the fact that the reaction rate of the D+D reactions at 2.5 keV in PdO is 60 times (and in Pd 10 times) larger than in Ti, and the deduced screening energy amounts to 600 eV (300 eV). Fur...

F usion of cellular compartments is a central aspect of cellular homeostasis and intercellular communication in virtually all eukaryotic cells. Although the general principles of the fusion reaction are beginning to be firmly established, it is also becoming clear that several distinct molecular events need to occur first, before the actual fusion reaction can. Coming from different angles, dif...

Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor activating protein receptor (SNARE) proteins are the main catalysts for membrane fusion in the secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells. In vitro, SNAREs are sufficient to mediate effective fusion of both native and artificial membranes. Here we have established, to our knowledge, a new platform for monitoring SNARE-mediated docking and fusion between gian...

Cellular membrane fusion is thought to proceed through intermediates including docking of apposed lipid bilayers, merging of proximal leaflets to form a hemifusion diaphragm, and fusion pore opening. A membrane-bridging four-helix complex of soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) mediates fusion. However, how assembly of the SNARE complex generates docki...

The Q value and optimal exciting energy of the hypothetical superheavy nuclei in cold fusion reaction are calculated with relativistic mean field model and semiemperical shell model mass equation(SSME) and the validity of the two models is tested. The fusion barriers are also calculated with two different models and reasonable results are obtained. The calculations can give useful references fo...

We report on a high-statistics measurement of the most basic double-pionic fusion reaction np → dππ over the energy region of the d∗(2380) resonance by use of a polarized deuteron beam and observing the double fusion reaction in the quasifree scattering mode. The measurements were performed with the WASA detector setup at COSY. The data reveal substantial analyzing powers and confirm conclusion...

Recently, a theoretical model of Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) mechanism has been developed to describe low-energy nuclear reaction in a quantum many-body system confined in a micro/nano scale trap. The BEC mechanism is applied to explain various anomalous results observed recently in experiments involved with low–energy nuclear reaction processes in matter and in acoustic cavitation. Experi...

For nuclear reactions in which super-heavy nuclei can be formed, the essential difference between the fusion process followed by fission and non-equilibrium processes leading to fissionlike fragments is the reaction time. Quite probable non-equilibrium processes, characterized by very short reaction times, are highlighted thanks to mass-angle correlations. However, long lifetime components asso...

This work demonstrates a sustainable nuclear fusion reaction of hydrogen using a clay flower port as a reactor vessel. Our novel approach uses a " charge mirror " that reduces the electromagnetic repulsion between nuclei enough to allow fusion initiation at room temperature. The device can also be used as a secure error-free transgalactic communications pipe with zero latency and near infinite ...