West Nile Virus (WNV), an RNA arbovirus and member of the Japanese encephalitis virus antigenic complex, causes a wide range of clinical symptoms, from asymptomatic to encephalitis and meningitis. Nearly all human infections of WNV are due to mosquito bites with birds being the primary amplifying hosts. Advanced age is the most important risk factor for neurological disease leading most often t...

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) associated with malignancy, especially adenocarcinoma, is a well-known entity and is included in group V of the WHO classification. Intravascular lymphoma is a rare type of diffuse large B cell lymphoma, characterized by selective intravascular growth of malignant lymphocytes, aggressive behavior, and often a fatal course. Most of the time, diagnosis is postmortem du...

A 26-year-old female was admitted for fever of unknown origin (FUO), headaches, left ankle edema, and a lower extremity rash consistent with erythema nodosum. She had no respiratory symptoms or family history of autoimmune diseases. A chest X-ray was negative for pneumonia or hilar adenopathy. Extensive autoimmune workup was negative. A chest, abdomen, and pelvis computed tomography scan was un...

one of the most important infectious diseases in the world is malaria. about half of the world populations are exposed to the risk of the disease. the program for controlling and eradication of malaria has been being conducted in our country since many years ago. one of the public health problems in the endemic and non-endemic countries is imported malaria which can cause new and permanent infe...

Purpose: Patients with fever of unknown origin (FUO) [1] are usually examined with many different modalities, such as conventional radiography of the lungs, CT of the abdomen and scintigraphy, however, in more than 50% without detection of the fever generating focus. Leucocyte scintigraphy is considered as the diagnostic standard [2], however, it is unspecific. F-FDG-PET [3] has been evaluated ...

Fever of unknown origin (FUO) remains to be a challenge despite advancement in diagnostic technologies and procedures. FUO is considered when fever presents intermittently without an explanation. It has been linked to various etiologies, which makes it difficult to diagnose. We present the case of 18-month-old female with recurrent fever, splenomegaly, abdominal pain, and constipation. The work...

Leishmaniasis is a Neglected Tropical Diseases caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. It major health problem in many tropical and subtropical regions world can produce three different clinical manifestations, among which cutaneous leishmaniasis has higher incidence than other forms. There are no recognized reliable means chemoprophylaxis or vaccination against infections with f...

Leishmaniasis transmitted by sandflies is an important vector-borne disease. In Chad, information on outdated, and so this study was designed to update the sandfly fauna. Sandflies were collected in five health districts representing two geoclimatic zones using sticky traps pyrethrum sprays indoor peridomestic habitats between September 2019 December 2020. All specimens identified based species...

Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease that affects both humans and animals. Canines are considered the main reservoirs of disease, while cats can present as secondary reservoirs, altering epidemiological cycle disease. The work describes first case feline foot hyperkeratosis in Asunción-Paraguay associated with leishmaniasis, determined by cytological diagnosis, favorable response to tr...

Leishmaniasis is a wide-spectrum disease caused by parasites from Leishmania genus. A well-modulated immune response that established after the long-lasting clinical cure of leishmaniasis can represent standard requirement for vaccine. Previous studies demonstrated (Viannia) naiffi causes benign and its antigens induce responses in vitro. In this work we aimed to identify immunodominant protein...