Background Onychomycosis is a fungal infection causing progressive destruction of the nail elements, with age increasing frequency of infection and potential for complications. The condition accounts for almost half of all nail issues yet continues to be largely under-reported and untreated. This study will investigate the antifungal efficacy of eucalyptus oil in vivo, for fungal nail infection...

Penetrating keratoplasty carries an infectious risk. Its requirement for topical corticosteroid therapy facilitates fungal growth with resulting keratitis. Although progression of fungal keratitis to intraocular infection is uncommon, endophthalmitis resulting from keratitis usually has a poor visual prognosis. Fungal infection under these circumstances remains a diagnostic and therapeutic chal...

We present genome-wide gene expression patterns as a time series through the infection cycle of the fungal pine needle blight pathogen, Dothistroma septosporum, as it invades its gymnosperm host, Pinus radiata. We determined the molecular changes at three stages of the disease cycle: epiphytic/biotrophic (early), initial necrosis (mid) and mature sporulating lesion (late). Over 1.7 billion comb...

Objectives: A novel topical formulation of lipid based amphotericin B (0.1% amphotericin B Gel) was developed to assess the safety, tolerability and efficacy in adult patients with cutaneous and/or mucocutaneous fungal infection. Methods: Amphotericin B gel was formulated using lipids. In vitro release assay of amphotericin B was measured using paddle apparatus maintained at 37.0° ± 0.5°C. The ...

Increased plasma and/or urine chitotriosidase activity was found in neonates with fungal infection changing in parallel with their clinical condition. Increased levels were also found in neonates with bacterial infection. Chitotriosidase activity increase is not a response specific to fungi, but serial assays could monitor the course of neonatal fungal infection.

Rice blast is a recurrent fungal disease, and resistance to fungal infection is a complex trait. Therefore, a comprehensive examination of rice transcriptome and its variation during fungal infection is necessary to understand the complex gene regulatory networks. In this study, adopting Next-Generation Sequencing we profiled the transcriptomes and microRNAomes of rice varieties, one susceptibl...

Diagnosis of invasive fungal infection remains challenging. Here we report a case of early diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in a neutropenic patient affected by acute myeloid leukaemia, achieved through the detection of Aspergillus fumigatus species-specific ribonucleic acid sequences by a sensitive multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction-based molecular assay. Thanks to the early diag...

Innate immune cells detect pathogens via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which signal for initiation of immune responses to infection. Studies with Dectin-1, a PRR for fungi, have defined a novel innate signaling pathway involving Syk kinase and the adaptor CARD9, which is critical for inducing Th17 responses to fungal infection. We show that another C-type lectin, Dectin-2, also signals ...

Nosocomial fungal infections have become increasingly common. This increase has been documented globally, i.e., in Europe [1], Asia [2,3], and North and South America [4,5]. In the United States, reports to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System document this increase in multiple clinical sites, including bloodstream, sur...

AIMS To investigate whether cryopreserved donor cornea could be used for therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) to eradicate the infection, obviate complications, and preserve anatomical integrity in severe fungal keratitis. METHODS In this retrospective, consecutive case series, 45 eyes of 45 patients with severe fungal keratitis, which exhibited anterior chamber collapse, corneal perfor...