Mandibular incisor extraction for orthodontic treatment is considered an unusual treatment option because of the limited number of patients that meet the criteria for such treatment. Accurate diagnosis and treatment planning is essential to achieve the desired results. Adult orthodontic patients are increasingly motivated by esthetic considerations and reject the idea of conventional fixed appl...

Remodeling changes in paradental tissues are considered essential in effecting orthodontic tooth movement. The force-induced tissue strain produces local alterations in vascularity, as well as cellular and extracellular matrix reorganization, leading to the synthesis and release of various neurotransmitters, cytokines, growth factors, colony-stimulating factors, and metabolites of arachidonic a...

OBJECTIVES To determine the color preferences for elastic ligatures among patients receiving fixed-appliance orthodontic therapy. METHODS Five hundred patients with metal brackets (336 female patients and 164 male patients) were included, and their color preferences for elastic ligatures were recorded using a color scale. Chi-square analysis was performed to evaluate the color preferences and...

The aim of this histological study was to analyze the gingival reaction to fixed orthodontic appliances. Gingival specimens were obtained with minimal trauma from 11 patients treated with fixed appliances in different intervals during the orthodontic treatment, including post-treatment periods. Serial sections were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin. T- and B-cells were identified by specific antib...

the amount of plaque present in the patients. It is therefore imperative for the clinicians to make the intending orthodontic patients to appreciate that the components of fixed appliances could facilitate accumulation and retention of plaque in a poorly motivated individual with poor oral hygiene, and with concomitant increase in oral Microfloras during orthodontic treatment could result in or...

Orthodontists from different backgrounds may have different opinions about removable and fixed orthodontic appliances, but there have been few objective comparisons of their relative treatment effectiveness. It is the purpose of the present study to analyze objectively the effectiveness of these two types of appliances. Eighty cases involving patients who had been treated with removable applian...