J. Entomol. Sci. 38(4): 631-643 (October 2003) Abstract Experiments were performed with host-associated olfactory attractants of the larval parasitoids of the southern pine beetle, Dendrocfonus frontal& Zimmermann, to elucidate both their biological origin and their chemical composition. Sticky-screen traps were erected in an active D. frontalis infestation and baited with parts of D. front&s-i...

Scalp The scalp is the cover of the skull and consists of several layers including the external skin and hair, subcutaneous tissue, the galea or epicranial aponeurosis, and the periosteum. The galea provides attachment to the occipitalis and frontalis muscles. Over the squamous portion of the temporal bone, the temporalis muscle is inserted between the periosteum and the subcutaneous tissue. Th...

Deception—a fundamental aspect of human communication—often is accompanied by the simulation of unfelt emotions or the concealment of genuine emotions to correspond to the false message. We investigated the consequences of extremely high-stakes emotional deception on the engagement of particular facial muscles, posited by Darwin [Darwin, C. (1872/2005). The expression of the emotions in man and...

Bos frontalis, which consumes bamboo and weeds, may have evolved unique gastrointestinal microorganisms that digest cellulase. A Paenibacillus sp. YD236 strain was isolated from B. frontalis feces, from which a GH8 endoglucanase gene, pglue8 (1107 bp, 54.5 % GC content), encoding a 368-residue polypeptide (PgluE8, 40.4 kDa) was cloned. PgluE8 efficiently hydrolyzed barley-β-d-glucan followed by...

The architecture and musculotopic organization of the facial motor nucleus in the Cebus apella monkey (a New World primate) were investigated using histological techniques and a multiple labelling strategy, in which horseradish peroxidase-conjugated neuroanatomical tracers (CTB-HRP and WGA-HRP) and fluorescent tracers were injected into individual facial muscles. The facial motor nucleus was fo...

OBJECTIVE We previously reported that near infrared (NIR) irradiation weakens frontalis muscle contraction resulting in brow ptosis. In addition, NIR irradiation non-thermally long-lasting thinning of the panniculus carnosus muscle in rats. We sought to determine whether NIR irradiation affects contraction of the corrugator supercilii muscle (CSM). METHODS Three to 5 rounds of NIR irradiation...

Synchronous flashing occurs in certain species of Southeast Asian and North American fireflies. Most Southeast Asian synchrony involves stationary congregating fireflies, but North American synchrony occurs in flying fireflies that do not congregate. Southeast Asian synchrony is usually continuous, but North American synchrony is interrupted. Photuris frontalis, the only member of the North Ame...