We consider a multiple-rule, generalized modus ponens inference scheme, with an interpretation based on compositional rule of inference (CRI) and a residuated implication. We show that such a system is equivalent, as far as CRI is concerned, to a system that satis5es the “basic requirement for fuzzy reasoning”, proposed by Turksen and Tian (Fuzzy Sets and Systems 58 (1993) 3–40). We establish a...

The description of the error dynamics (30) in our paper [1] contains an omission that leads to some bounds used in the conditions of Theorem 8 and Corollary 2 in the paper to be incorrectly defined. In what follows, the correct error dynamics and the corresponding conditions are given. Instead of (30) in [1], the error dynamics are actually given by ė = m ∑ i=1 wi(z)[(Ai − LiC +MiAδi)e +Mi(Āδix̂...

This paper examines the city of Steelport in Saints Row: The Third (Volition, 2011) as a real-and-imagined space that can be described using an urban framework of constitutional, representational, and experiential components. It relates mediated and physical cities through spatial arrangement, processes of representation, and the factors that contribute to a sense of place in both material and ...

The gift-exchange game has established that, in the laboratory, higher wages offered by an employer lead to considerably more costly effort provision. However, it is unclear whether this behavior reflects reciprocity or other forms of social preferences. This article tests whether attribution of volition in choosing a wage has a significant effect on subsequent costly effort provision. Treatmen...

Introduction Conclusions References Tables Figures Back Close Full Screen / Esc Printer-friendly Version Interactive Discussion EGU Abstract Subsurface temperatures in Bangkok, where population and density increase rapidly, were analyzed to evaluate the effects of surface warming due to urbanization. The magnitude of surface warming evaluated from subsurface temperature in Bangkok was 1.7 • C w...

This paper explains how we define and represent modality in E-HowNet. Following Lyons (1977, reviewed in Hsieh 2003, among others), we hold that modals express a speaker’s opinion or attitude toward a proposition and hence have a pragmatic dimension and recognize five kinds of modal categories, i.e. epistemic, deontic, ability, volition and expectation modality. We then present a representation...

We study the expressive power of open formulas of dependence logic introduced in Väänänen [Dependence logic (Vol. 70 of London Mathematical Society Student Texts), 2007]. In particular, we answer a question raised by Wilfrid Hodges: how to characterize the sets of teams definable bymeans of identity only in dependence logic, or equivalently in independence friendly logic.