When a compliant sheet of material is dragged over a curved surface of a body, the frictional forces generated can be many times greater than they would be for a planar interface. This phenomenon is known to contribute to the abrasion damage to skin often suffered by wearers of incontinence pads and bed/chairbound people susceptible to pressure sores. Experiments that attempt to quantify these ...

Accurately predicting the physical cutting process variables, e.g. temperature, velocity, strain and stress fields, plays a pivotal role for predictive process engineering for machining processes. These predicted field variables, however, are highly influenced by workpiece constitutive material model (i.e. flow stress), thermo-mechanical properties and contact friction law at the tool–chip–work...

High cycle fatigue failure of turbine and compressor blades due to resonance in the operating frequency range is one of the main problems in the design of gas turbine engines. To suppress excessive vibrations in the blades and prevent high cycle fatigue, dry friction dampers are used by the engine manufacturers. However, due to the nonlinear nature of friction contact, analysis of such systems ...

The classical problem of rebound is usually treated by assuming that the colliding bodies are rigid and that the coefficient of friction, ~ , is constant. Two contact states can be distinguished: slidinq, in which the ratio of friction force to normal force is equal to ~ , and rolling, in which the friction force is zero. If sliding gives way to rolling during impact, the friction force will fa...

We present a hybrid physical-dynamic tire/road friction model for applications of vehicle motion simulation and control. We extend the LuGre dynamic friction model by considering the physical model-based adhesion/sliding partition of the tire/road contact patch. Comparison and model parameters relationship are presented between the physical and the LuGre dynamic friction models. We show that th...

The progression of local cartilage surface damage toward early stage osteoarthritis (OA) likely depends on the severity of the damage and its impact on the local lubrication and stress distribution in the surrounding tissue. It is difficult to study the local responses using traditional methods; in-situ microtribological methods are being pursued here as a means to elucidate the mechanical aspe...

Inverse dynamics is used extensively in robotics and biomechanics applications. In manipulator and legged robots, it can form the basis of an effective nonlinear control strategy by providing a robot with both accurate positional tracking and active compliance. In biomechanics applications, inverse dynamics control can approximately determine the net torques applied at anatomical joints that co...

Wear phenomena understanding of implants is a challenge: friction-corrosion of biomaterials, which constitute orthopaedic implants, is a significant issue concerning the aseptic loosening. This work aims at studying AISI 316L/bone cement friction which is a tribological problem related to hip joint cemented prostheses. This study focuses on the ionic strength effect on the tribological behaviou...

In rehabilitation training, high-fidelity simulation environments are needed for reproducing the effects of slippery surfaces, in which potential balance failure conditions can be reproduced on demand. Motivated by these requirements, this article considers the design of variable-friction devices for use in the context of human walking on surfaces in which the coefficient of friction can be con...