High-yield synthesis of TiO(2) one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures was realized by a simple annealing of Ni-coated Ti grids in an argon atmosphere at 950 degrees C and 760 torr. The as-synthesized 1D nanostructures were single crystalline rutile TiO(2) with the preferred growth direction close to [210]. The growth of these nanostructures was enhanced by using catalytic materials, higher reactio...

Experiments in quasi-two-dimensional geometry (Hele-Shaw cells) in which a fluid is injected into a viscoelastic medium (foam, clay, or associating polymers) show patterns akin to fracture in brittle materials, very different from standard Laplacian growth patterns of viscous fingering. An analytic theory is lacking since a prerequisite to describing the fracture of elastic material is the solu...

INTRODUCTION Arthroscopic fixation of tibial spine fracture in patients with open physis without damaging the growth plate is very important. We have described a very simple and effective technique for the first time in this article. CASE REPORT A 16-year-old boy sustained avulsion fractures of tibial spine while playing. He was treated arthroscopically with excellent results. CONCLUSION Ar...

By employing the in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) technique, tensile deformation behaviors of a silver nanowire (NW) with a single twin structure were studied. Our observations revealed that the initial stage of plastic deformation was dominated by surface-mediated partial dislocation activities. Strikingly, the void formation and growth were shown to govern the later stage of pla...

It is well known that when coarse-grained metals undergo severe plastic deformation to be transformed into nano-grained metals, their ductility is reduced. However, there are no ductile fracture criteria developed based on grain refinement. In this paper, we propose a new relationship between ductile fracture and grain refinement during deformation, considering factors besides void nucleation a...

INTRODUCTION Arthroscopic fixation of tibial spine fracture without damage to the growth plate is very important in patients with open physis. The present article describes a simple and effective technique being used for the first time to treat this condition. CASE REPORT A 16-year-old boy sustained avulsion fractures of tibial spine while playing. He was treated arthroscopically with excelle...

The overall objective of our work is to understand bubble growth and rise in natural marine sediments. In the first phase of our study (to mid-2003) we demonstrated that bubbles grow and rise in sediments by the mechanism of fracture. The second (current) phase has aimed to develop methods to measure the mechanical parameters that control the fracture of soft sediment; these parameters, i.e., Y...

Mode I steady crack growth was analyzed to determine the toughening due to domain switching in ferroelectric ceramics. A multi-axial, electromechanically coupled, incremental constitutive theory is applied to model the material behavior of the ferroelectric ceramic. The constitutive law is then implemented within the finite element method to study steady crack growth. The effects of mechanical ...

In this review, we present our recent results for atomistic mechanisms of damage nucleation and growth and dynamic fracture in silica glass. These results have been obtained with multimillion-to-billion atom, parallel, molecular dynamics simulations of (1) the interaction and coalescence of nanovoids in amorphous silica subjected to dilatational strain and (2) the nucleation, growth and healing...

Structural materials used for safety critical applications require high strength and simultaneously high resistance against crack growth, referred to as damage tolerance. However, the two properties typically exclude each other and research efforts towards ever stronger materials are hampered by drastic loss of fracture resistance. Therefore, future development of novel ultra-strong bulk materi...