In response to adverse conditions, myxobacteria form aggregates that develop into fruiting bodies. We model myxobacteria aggregation with a lattice cell model based entirely on short-range (nonchemotactic) cell-cell interactions. Local rules result in a two-stage process of aggregation mediated by transient streams. Aggregates resemble those observed in experiment and are stable against even ve...

Network formation games capture two conflicting objectives of selfinterested nodes in a network. On one hand, such a node wishes to be able to reach all other nodes in the network; on the other hand, it wishes to minimize its cost of participation. We focus on myopic dynamics in a class of such games inspired by transportation and communication models. A key property of the dynamics we study is...

In both radish and Arabidopsis, lateral root initiation involves a series of rapid divisions in pericycle cells located on the xylem radius of the root. In Arabidopsis, the number of pericycle cells that divide to form a primordium was estimated to be about 11. To determine the stage at which primordia are able to function as root meristems, primordia of different stages were excised and cultur...

The high energy limit of QCD is controlled by very high energy density gluonic matter, the Color Glass Condensate. In the first instants of the collisions of two sheets of Colored Glass Condensate, a Glasma is formed with longitudinal flux tubes of color electric and color magnetic fields. These flux tubes decay and might form a turbulent liquid that eventually thermalizes into a Quark Gluon Pl...

A model for the formation of helical multishell gold nanowires is proposed and is confirmed with quantum mechanical molecular dynamics simulations. The model can explain the magic number of the helical gold nanowires in the multishell structure. The reconstruction from ideal nonhelical to realistic helical nanowires consists of two stages: dissociations of atoms on the outermost shell from atom...

The problem of sheath formation in front of a conductive planar plate inserted into the plasma is formulated. Initially, the plate is assumed to be neutral. It is shown that the charging-up process of the plate is accompanied by the excitation of electron plasma waves.

Introduction: Last years, new arguments in favor of the model of rarefied preplanetesimals-clumps were found (e.g., [1-3]). Even before new arguments in favor of formation of planetesimals from rarefied pre-planetesimals have been found, Ipatov [4-5] considered that some trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs), planetesi-mals, and asteroids with diameter d>100 km could be formed directly by the compress...

This article examines the relationship between foreign parent control and International Joint Venture (IJV) performance over the lifecycle of the IJV. Following Geringer and Hebert (1989); Glaister, Husan, and Buckley (2005), Nguyen and Larimo (2008), the paper conceptualizes foreign parent control across three dimensions including mechanism, focus, and extent. The empirical evidence is based o...

In this paper we introduce a strategic form model in which cooperation structures and divisions of the payoffs are determined simultaneously. We analyze the cooperation structures and payoff divisions that result according to Nash equilibria, strong Nash equilibria, and coalition proof Nash equilibria. We find that no cycle will be formed if a player claims a positive amount for the formation o...

Sixty-four surface samples from the Lower Palaeozoic rock units (mainly Lalun,Abastu and Abarsaj formations) near Kholin-Darreh village in the Fazel Abad area,southeastern the Caspian Sea, Northern Iran, were analyzed to determine their agerelationships. The samples of Lalun Formation were barren, but those of Abastu andAbarsaj formations contained well-preserved and abundant palynomorph entiti...