Processes occurring early in the life stages of corals can greatly influence the demography of coral populations, and successful settlement of coral larvae that leads to recruitment is a critical life history stage for coral reef ecosystems. Although corals in Singapore persist in one the world's most anthropogenically impacted reef systems, our understanding of the role of coral settlement in ...

One of the most important factors for designing a safe foundation is amount bearing soil capacity and allowable settlement according to type structure. Therefore, in geotechnical engineering, aim improve foundations' many ways, some which are expensive, other section difficult implement sites. Skirted foundations consider as an ideal solution cost-wise tolerance by reducing materials installati...

In this paper, the analysis of a numerical study for consolidation short bored pile subjected to axial loads is presented. An short-bored performed using finite element software Abaqus CAE with base procured experimental data in sand media and comparative on Ansys FEA. Three models combination footing system were developed by application incremental load which displacement upon each was analyze...

Both ecological and social factors play an important role in determining the structure of animal settlement patterns. While the ecological factors determining animal settlement are generally well known, the relative importance of social factors in mediating fine-scale settlement choices is poorly understood. As a result, we have little knowledge of why individuals choose to settle near specific...

Settlement size predicts extreme variation in the rates and magnitudes of many social and ecological processes in human societies. Yet, the factors that drive human settlement-size variation remain poorly understood. Size variation among economically integrated settlements tends to be heavy tailed such that the smallest settlements are extremely common and the largest settlements extremely larg...

This paper examines the use of sorting by defendants as a strategy for lowering their overall costs of litigation. The effectiveness of this strategy relies on the defendant’s ability to bundle settlement offers with some other variable that is valued differently by plaintiffs. The example I examine in this paper is settlement delay. For example, if plaintiffs have different time costs of pursu...

The problem of estimating the settlement of shallow foundations on granular soils is very complex and not yet entirely understood. The geotechnical literature has included many formulae that are based on several theoretical or experimental methods to obtain an accurate, or near-accurate, prediction of such settlement. However, these methods fail to achieve consistent success in relation to accu...

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of collector materials and position on Pinctada margaritifera spat attachment. Settlement on polyethylene pipes (54.6%) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than on plastic baskets (25%). Significantly higher (P < 0.05) spat catch was recorded from the collectors which were installed on lower height of settlement tank than upper. The number o...

The increasing needs for environmental friendly antifouling coatings have led to investigation of new alternatives for replacing copper and TBT-based paints. In this study, results are presented from larval settlement assays of the barnacle Amphibalanus (= Balanus) amphitrite on planar, interdigitated electrodes (IDE), having 8 or 25 mum of inter-electrode spacing, upon the application of pulse...