Mice lacking acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), a key enzyme in triglyceride synthesis, have increased energy expenditure and therefore are resistant to obesity. Because ambient temperature can significantly affect energy expenditure in mice, we undertook these studies to determine the effects of different ambient temperatures on energy expenditure, food intake, and thermoregula...

Epidemiological studies have shown an association between short or disrupted sleep and an increased risk to develop obesity. In animal studies, however, sleep restriction leads to an attenuation of weight gain that cannot be explained by changes in energy intake. In the present study, we assessed whether the attenuated weight gain under conditions of restricted sleep is a consequence of an over...

This paper proposes a new method for ex ante analysis of the poverty impacts arising from policy reforms. Three innovations underlie this approach. The first is the estimation of a global demand system using a combination of micro-data from household surveys, and macro-data from the International Comparisons Project. The second innovation relates to a methodology for postestimation calibration ...

This article describes the interplay among energy intake, energy expenditure, and body energy stores and illustrates how an understanding of energy balance can help us develop strategies to reduce obesity. First, reducing obesity requires modifying both energy intake and energy expenditure, not simply focusing on either alone. Food restriction alone will not be effective in reducing obesity if ...

The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH) contains a heterogeneous cluster of Sim1-expressing cell types that comprise a major autonomic output nucleus and play critical roles in the control of food intake and energy homeostasis. The roles of specific PVH neuronal subtypes in energy balance have yet to be defined, however. The PVH contains nitric oxide synthase-1 (Nos1)-expressing (...

Hwa, Joyce J., Melanie B. Witten, Patricia Williams, Lorraine Ghibaudi, Jun Gao, Brian G. Salisbury, Deborra Mullins, Fozia Hamud, Catherine D. Strader, and Eric M. Parker. Activation of the NPY Y5 receptor regulates both feeding and energy expenditure. Am. J. Physiol. 277 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 46): R1428–R1434, 1999.—Intracerebroventricular (ICV) administration of neuropeptide...

Mice treated with the antidepressant trans-2-phenylcyclopropylamine (2-PCPA) were protected against diet-induced-obesity, and adiposity was reversed in pre-established diet-induced obese mice. Contrary to a recent report that inhibition of lysine-specific demethylase-1 by 2-PCPA results in increased energy expenditure, long-term 2-PCPA treatment had no such effect but its protection against obe...

Leptin, the product of the ob gene, is a hormone secreted by adipocytes that is known to decrease food intake and increase energy expenditure in ob/ob mice. In humans, variants in the OB gene have not been detected and very little is known about the action of leptin on food intake and energy expenditure, although circulating leptin concentrations are positively correlated to body fat stores. Th...

BACKGROUND We have developed a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for the assessment of habitual diet, with special focus on the intake of fruit, vegetables and other antioxidant-rich foods and beverages. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relative validity of the intakes of energy, food and nutrients from the FFQ. METHODS Energy intake was evaluated against independent measures...

OBJECTIVE Obesity is the source of many health problems in Guadeloupe. The aim of this study was to describe the relationships between daily energy intake and expenditure, and weight status. METHODS Three consecutive daily recalls for activities and food intake were used to assess energy expenditure and energy intake in 20- to 60-year-old Guadeloupian men and women. RESULTS The absolute dai...