Pearls are some of the most frequently encountered gems in Russian folklore. This reflects their importance for culture, where from sixteenth and seventeenth centuries up to nineteenth century, they were among its symbols. not only representing highest strata society clergy. They relatively easily accessible common people, even peasantry, especially North, territory extraction Russia (the poor ...

Play and Game are considered as the oldest cultural behaviors as the universal elements of human culture in all communities and groups. Gilan province in Iran, especially their villages, has a unique folklore especially its local games and plays. Nevertheless, it is necessary to document and analyze the immense information about the folklore in these villages before it vanishes in the sea of so...

Five and a half decades ago, when Stith Thompson was the doyen of American folklore studies, he published his essay “The Challenge Folklore” in PMLA, leading journal Humanities (Thompson 1964) [...]

Due to historical and political matters, what is, today, called Finland was a part of Sweden until 1809. Thereafter, the region an autonomous Grand Duchy in Russian Empire. Beside Latin, for long time, Swedish language authorities, education, partly science scholarship. Not time Finnish played important role as outside private sphere. German Russian, respectively, were used on special occasions...