background and aim . vertical and horizontal bone resorption of the alveolar ridge are common in edentulous jaws. in the distal area of the maxilla, an adequate bone volume is often lacking because of the proximity of the sinus cavities to crestal bone. sinus floor augmentation is an established way of increasing the height and volume of bone in the posterior region of the maxilla, which increa...

This paper examines the spatial pattern of food discount stores in Switzerland, where private actors made location decisions without interference from planning regulations until 2016. Using aerial images and a classification scheme with functional morphological attributes, study shows that majority were built peripheral commercial areas or greenfield sites as solitary buildings, indicating pref...

BACKGROUND Neighborhood-level environmental features have been associated with adult physical activity and weight status, but this link has not been established for adolescents. METHODS Community design and access to recreational facilities variables were derived using geographic information systems (GIS) for 799 adolescents (age 11 to 15 y, mean = 12.8 y, 53% girls, 43% ethnic minority). Env...

â  natural disasters are known as one the most important factors in demolition human settlement. so study of impacts of natural disasters one human settlements specially cities are an important for urban planners iran had been faced with natural disasters specific earth quake because of its geographical position (its located on world earth quake belt). some earth quakes cause many human, financ...