Flexible or 'fluid' cognitive processes are regarded as fundamental to problem solving and creative ability, requiring a specific neurophysiological milieu. REM-sleep dreaming is associated with creative processes and abstract reasoning with increased strength of weak associations in cognitive networks. REM sleep is also mediated by a distinctive neurophysiological profile, different to that of...

Ephraim and Malah' s MMSE-LSA speech enhancement algorithm, while robust and effective, is difficult to tune and adjust for the tradeoff between noise reduction and distortion. We suggest a means of generalizing this design, which allows for other estimators besides the MMSE-LSA to be used within the same supporting framework. When a modified version of Ephraim and Van Trees' s spectral domain ...

Enhancement of images is applied over all the mammographic images before their diagnosis. The contrast of mammograms is always required to be good so that further investigation of breast cancer images is accurate. Here HE (histogram equalization), HS (histogram specification) and LE (local enhancement) methods are discussed for enhancing and improving the quality of mammographic images and thei...

In this paper performance enhancement in PA measurements through optical pulse shaping is explored and demonstrated. A recently introduced setup, which is based on a CW tunable laser source operating in the optical communications band (1510-1620nm) and an electro-optic modulator, offers exceptional flexibility in controlling the temporal and spectral characteristics of the excitation waveform. ...

An original and novel assay system with urease as a catalyst and CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) as an indicator has been developed for quantitative analysis of urea. By mixing urease and QDs, the determination of urea can be performed in a quantitative manner. The detection is based on the enhancement of QD photoluminescence (PL) intensity, which is correlated to the enzymatic degradation of urea....

In an attempt to determine the RF shielding artifacts produced by conducting stents during MRI scanning of patients, a Transmission Line Matrix (TLM) model was developed based on the symmetrical condensed node. This approach allows considerable flexibility including freedom from stability issues and the ability to reconstruct digital signals in the time or frequency domain. To validate the resu...

Dummy fill is typically performed by foundries to achieve layout pattern uniformity for chip yield enhancement. However, filling dummies may greatly increase interconnect coupling capacitance and lead to explosion of mask data. Therefore, it is desirable to simultaneously consider the coupling constraints, the number of inserted dummies, and the density gradient during dummy fill. In this paper...

In this work, we present a novel 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO) radical phosphoramidite building block, which can be attached to the 5'-terminus of nucleic acids. To investigate the paramagnetic relaxation enhancement (PRE) emanating from this radical center, we incorporated the TEMPO label into various types of RNAs. We measured proton PREs for selectively (13)C-isotope labeled n...

thermal interface materials. It has been demonstrated that addition of an optimized mixture of graphene and multilayer graphene to the composites with different matrix materials produces the record-high enhancement of the effective thermal conductivity at the small filler loading fraction (fr10 vol%). The thermal conductivity enhancement due to the presence of graphene in the composites has bee...

Abstract Wearable electronics with miniaturization and high-power density call for devices advanced thermal management capabilities, outstanding flexibility, excellent permeability. However, it is difficult to achieve these goals simultaneously due the conflict between high conductivity permeability flexibility. Here, we report an approach fabricate flexible, breathable composites capability by...