the maxillofacial region is one of the most injury-prone areas during road traffic accidents, personal violence, falls and sports. maxillofacial trauma can lead to breakage or avulsion of upper anterior teeth, which may cause significant aesthetic and functional problems. there are many treatment options available for rehabilitation including removable partial dentures, fixed partial dentures, ...

parotid stafne bone defect is a very rare and infrequent variant, which is located on the buccal or lingual surface of the mandibular ascending ramus. in this paper, a case of parotid stafne defect, which was incidentally discovered during dental radiographic examination, is reported. this bone defect was observed as a lucent oval-shaped defect on the lingual aspect of the right mandibular ramu...

background & importance: iniencephaly is a rare cranio-cervical deformity. it belongs to neural tube defects. this disorder is characterized by a retroflexion of head, a very short neck, varying degrees of incomplete posterior closure of vertebrae and cervical and thoracic spinal synostosis. this malformation is associated with central nervous system and systemic malformations. most of patients...

Maintenance is a dominant component of software cost, and localizing reported defects so that they can be fixed is a significant component of maintenance. The size and complexity of contemporary systems makes such fault localization difficult, however. In addition, defect reports often contain incomplete information provided by users who may be unfamiliar with the code base. We propose a lightw...

Damage to articular cartilage is a common injury, for which there is no effective treatment. Our aims were to investigate the temporal sequence of the repair of articular cartilage and to define a critical-size defect. Full-thickness defects were made in adult male New Zealand white rabbits. The diameter (1 to 4 mm) of the defects was varied in order to determine the effect that the size and de...

Objective: This study describes the bone transportation technique for partial bone defect, and shows clinical and radiological results of a series of patients treated by using this method. Material and Methods: Nine patients with partial bone defect were treated (six tibia and three femur). Every patient had infection and nonunion. The initial procedure was to stabilize the bone, followed by a ...

The coordinated motion of active filaments, most notably cilia and flagella, are used by numerous micoorganisms swimming cells to facilitate swimming. This Letter explores how the states filaments depend on topology surface which they attached, as well whether is held fixed or free move. Most notably, demonstrates that for spherical surfaces, state changes dramatically when sphere released due ...

The T center in silicon is a well-known carbon-based color that has been recently considered for quantum technology applications. Using first-principles computations, we show the excited state formed by defect-bound exciton made of localized defect occupied an electron to which hole bound. strong carbon $p$ character and reminiscent localization unpaired ethyl radical molecule. radiative lifeti...

Traumatic defects are mostly accompanied by hard and soft tissue loss. This report describes the surgical and prosthetic treatment of a patient with post-traumatic mandibular defect. A split-thickness skin graft was performed prior to implant placement and prefabricated acrylic stent was placed to hold the graft in place. The esthetic and functional demands of the patient were fulfilled by impl...

option of defect is one of common options between sale and rent contracts, however, it has special rules and conditions in those contracts. in the sale contracts, any defect in the sold or bought thing causes the victim has option of defect but in the rent contracts, only the defect creates option of defect that causes hardship in using of goods or reducing of benefits. in the sale, defect of s...