The major lymphoid tissues in teleost fish are the kidneys, thymus, spleen and mucosa-associatedlymphoid tissue including the skin, gills and intestine. The head of kidney (pronephros) is an importanthaematopoietic organ and has morphological similarities with the bone marrow in higher vertebrates. In thisstudy, during 12 months from August 2002 to July 2003, 120 grass carp (10 fish/month) were...

An improved quantum artificial fish swarm algorithm (IQAFSA) for solving distributed network programming considering distributed generation is proposed in this work. The IQAFSA based on quantum computing which has exponential acceleration for heuristic algorithm uses quantum bits to code artificial fish and quantum revolving gate, preying behavior, and following behavior and variation of quantu...

Enteric red mouth disease (also known as Yersiniosis) is one of the most significant bacterial infections in coldwater fish farms that cause significant mortalities and economical losses in the salmonids fish farms, especially in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). ERM is caused by the gram negative pathogen bacteria Yersinia ruckeri that has five O-serotypes (O1, O2, O5, O6 and O7), five oute...

There has been much interest in CpG islands (CGIs), clusters of CpG dinucleotides in GC-rich regions, because they are considered gene markers and involved in gene regulation. To date, there has been no genome-wide analysis of CGIs in the fish genome. We first evaluated the performance of three popular CGI identification algorithms in four fish genomes (tetraodon, stickleback, medaka, and zebra...

The implications of shallow water impacts such as fishing and climate change on fish assemblages are generally considered in isolation from the distribution and abundance of these fish assemblages in adjacent deeper waters. We investigate the abundance and length of demersal fish assemblages across a section of tropical continental shelf at Ningaloo Reef, Western Australia, to identify fish and...

A non-invasive system for monitoring fish underwater is described. A 3D point distribution model (PDM) model can be fitted on stereo images for fish examination. Currently the model fitting algorithm requires manual initialisation. Therefore experiments were carried out to investigate the usefulness of an n-tuple classifier as a tool to initiate the model fitting method automatically. The exper...

the silversides or sand smelts are found in coastal areas of temperate to tropical seas and in fresh water. there are about 14 genera and 68 species with only one native species in the caspian sea basin, atherina caspia . in this review, the systematics, morphology, distribution, biology, economic importance and conservation of the caspian silverside of iran are described, the species is illust...