The extracellular matrix component hyaluronan (HA) exists physiologically as a high m.w. polymer but is cleaved at sites of inflammation, where it will be contacted by dendritic cells (DC). To determine the effects of HA on DC, HA fragments of different size were established. Only small HA fragments of tetra- and hexasaccharide size (sHA), but not of intermediate size (m.w. 80, 000-200,000) or ...

Background and purpose - For more than half a century, stemmed hemiarthroplasty (SHA) has been used in the treatment of comminuted and displaced fractures of the proximal humerus. Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) has been increasingly popular in cases where it is difficult to obtain satisfactory fixation of the tuberosities. We report revision rates and reasons for revision after shoulder ar...

SHA-1 is a widely used 1995 NIST cryptographic hash function standard that was officially deprecated by NIST in 2011 due to fundamental security weaknesses demonstrated in various analyses and theoretical attacks. Despite its deprecation, SHA-1 remains widely used in 2017 for document and TLS certificate signatures, and also in many software such as the GIT versioning system for integrity and b...

Biological reduction of uranium(VI) by Shewanella putrefaciens CN32 was investigated in the presence of soil humic acid (SHA). Experiments were performed under resting cell conditions with uranyl acetate as the electron acceptor and sodium lactate as the electron donor in a NaHCO3 or PIPES/NaHCO3 buffer. SHA significantly decreased the final extent of U(VI) bioreduction (100% uranium bioreduced...

Since Wang’s attacks on the standard hash functions MD5 and SHA-1, design and analysis of hash functions have been studied a lot. NIST selected Keccak as a new hash function standard SHA-3 in 2012 and announced that Keccak was chosen because its design is different from MD5 and SHA-1/2 so that it could be secure against the attacks to them and Keccak’s hardware efficiency is quite better than o...

The sandwich hybridisation assay (SHA) is a DNA probe-based method for rapid identification and enumeration of toxic micro-algae which uses species specific oligonucleotide probes targeted at ribosomal RNA. It is suited to fragile micro-algal cells which commonly collapse during the fixation stage of sample collection, compromising identification by traditional microscopy. The assay has been av...

Extended access to cocaine produces an increase in cocaine self-administration in rats that mimics aspects of compulsive drug intake in human addicts. Although emerging evidence implicates the endogenous cannabinoid system in aspects of opioid and ethanol addiction, a role of the endocannabinoid system in cocaine addiction remains widely inconclusive. Here, we investigate the effects of systemi...

Cell-to-cell interaction (coaggregation) between Propionibacterium acnes PK93 and Streptococcus sanguis DL1 was measured on saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads (SHA) at bacterial concentrations between 1.3 X 10(6) and 6.7 X 10(8) cells per ml. Four hundredfold more DL1 than PK93 cells adhered to the saliva-coated beads, and the adherence of S. sanguis was proportional to cell input. SHA precoate...

the objective of this study was to diagnose integrative ecological health of an urban stream,which is located in the asian temperate region. the research approach was primarily based on the index ofbiological integrity (ibi) using fish assemblage and a qualitative habitat evaluation index (qhei). and these indexes were compared with long-term conventional chemical dataset during 1996-2005. for ...

In this paper we present a method for finding collisions in SHA-0 which is related to differential cryptanalysis of block ciphers. Using this method, we obtain a theoretical attack on the compression function SHA-0 with complexity 2, which is thus better than the birthday paradox attack. In the case of SHA-1, this method is unable to find collisions faster than the birthday paradox. This is a s...