BACKGROUND The established treatment for bacterial arthritis of the knee joint is arthroscopic surgery with irrigation and debridement. The aim of this article is to summarize the relevant data in treating bacterial arthritis of the knee joint, and based on these findings to present a novel irrigation suction system, tested in a cadaver study, as an additional tool in the postoperative treatmen...

The use of Precision Agriculture systems is in its infancy in Greece, because of the high fragmented land and the adherence of farmers to traditional farming methods. This paper presents the design, implementation and performance evaluation of an integrated agricultural monitoring and irrigation system using energy-autonomous wireless sensors and actuators. Monitoring and irrigation of the fiel...

Multiple cost sharing rules often coexist in seemingly identical environments. We use shared irrigation costs as a context for examining the extent to which the structural environment explains the selection of a cost-sharing rule. We find that environmental factors affecting the costs and benefits derived from irrigation, as well as those determining the distribution of irrigators along the irr...

Many factors affecting irrigation model, including irrigation water volume, crop water requirement, production function of irrigation water, rainfall, soil water balance, water sensitive index in different stages of crop growth, the grain market price, irrigation water price, minimum yield, irrigation cost etc are considered. Then a multi-constraints and non-linear optimization irrigation model...

* Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004 Abstract: Different irrigation methods and regimes affect maize (Zea Mays L.) growth differently. The field experiment was conducted to study the interactive effect of three irrigation methods and three irrigation regimes on maize growth under sandy loam soil at the Research Farm of Department of Soil Science, Punjab...

The sustainability of the Hetao Irrigation System, located in the water scarce upper Yellow River basin, is a priority considering the need for water saving, increased water productivity, and higher farmers’ incomes. The upgrading of basin irrigation, the main irrigation method, is essential and includes the adoption of precise land levelling, cut-off management, improved water distribution uni...

Roots are the key elements in water saving rice cultivation. So, Background the response of rice roots are to be phenotyped under varied drip irrigation treatments. : This study describes an investigation on rice root Methods phenotyping under drip irrigation treatments in split-split plot design. Two lateral spacing levels (0.8 and 1.2m), laid at two depths of sub surface irrigation (5-10 and ...

Introduction We aimed to investigate irrigation and drainage characteristics of commercially available urethral catheters and determined which catheter offers the best flow characteristics. Material and methods Twelve different commercially available urethral catheters from three companies (Bard™, Rusch™ and Dover™) were investigated to compare their irrigation and drainage properties. Irriga...

r a 200 .011 .: +86 27 .edu.cn Summary Tritium and bromide were used as applied tracers to determine groundwater recharge in Hebei Plain, North China, to evaluate the impacts of different soil types, land use, irrigation, and crop cultivation practice on recharge. Additional objectives were to evaluate temporal variability of recharge and the effect on results of the particular tracer used. Thi...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study is to compare extrusion of irrigants delivered with a 27-G needle or the EndoVac system (Discus Dental, Culver City, CA) during instrumentation and final irrigation of teeth. METHODS Matched paired single canal teeth were divided into four sample groups and controls. The experimental groups were needle irrigation International Standards Organization (ISO...