Production of microlens arrays using the resist reflow technique has been extensively reported1,2. Theses arrays have fill factors approaching 75% and in lensed systems the unlensed light introduces noise into the imaging system. N T Gordon, C L Jones and D Purdy3 reported a sophisticated techniques able to create full fill, however, this is expensive. Davies and McCormick4, using optical litho...

CMP fills are inserted to make metal density uniform and hence reduce post-polish height variations. Classical methods to insert fills focus on metal density uniformity, but do not take into consideration or are unable to minimize the impact of fills on circuit performance. In this paper, we develop a fill insertion method that heuristically minimizes coupling capacitance increase due to fill. ...

OBJECTIVE To prospectively evaluate the association between antibiotics used to treat acne and pharyngitis. DESIGN Cross-sectional and 9-month prospective cohort. SETTING Urban university setting. PARTICIPANTS University students. INTERVENTION Participants were asked to fill out a survey form, were swabbed for culture, and had a visual examination for acne. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Report...

This study assessed the usefulness of email in informing third level students about special MMR clinics being provided on campus during a mumps outbreak in the North West of Ireland. Email messages were sent directly to students, informing them of the clinics, inviting them to make a clinic appointment by email and providing details of walk-in clinics. At the clinics, all 177 attendees were ask...

BACKGROUND Avoidance of occupational allergens or reduction in exposure has been advocated as the mainstay of the management of occupational rhinitis. Sparse data to the effect of allergen avoidance are available. OBJECTIVE To identify factors that may lead to leaving work and to address the effect of subsequent allergen avoidance on quality of life. METHODS A survey to the prevalence of oc...

PURPOSE The prevalence rates of myopia vary between 5% in Australian Aborigines to 84% in Hong Kong and Taiwan, 30% in Norwegian adults, and 49.5% in Swedish schoolchildren. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of refractive errors in German children, adolescents, and adults. METHODS The parents (aged 24-65 years) and their children (516 subjects aged 2-35 years) were asked t...