We present an architectural framework for systematically using automated diversity to provide high assurance detection and disruption for large classes of attacks. The framework executes a set of automatically diversified variants on the same inputs, and monitors their behavior to detect divergences. The benefit of this approach is that it requires an attacker to simultaneously compromise all s...

I very much enjoyed reading this paper. The basic message that I took away was that by and large different banks rate a given borrower in pretty much the same way. While we do see differences, on the whole at least to my eye these differences are generally small. I therefore read the paper as basically good news for the New Basel Capital Accord. If we want to worry about any of the results in t...

It is an accepted fact of academic life that some papers, in whatever discipline and wherever published, will never be cited. Empirical support for this can be found in studies such as those reported by Glanzel (1992), Rousseau (1994), and Egghe (2000) where the distribution of the time of first citation is investigated. In all cases, it is assumed that never-citation is connected with the perc...

This study examines whether the transition probability from employment to nonemployment among married immigrant women is consistent with the Family Investment Hypothesis (FIH). A dynamic random effects model is used and the estimations are based on a longitudinal database covering the period 1990-1996. The results indicate that the relationship between the transition probability from employment...

For clinical research to be ethical, risks need to be balanced by anticipated benefits. This is challenging for first-in-human (FIH) studies as participants are not expected to benefit directly, and risks are potentially high. We argue that this differentiates FIH studies from other clinical trials to the extent that they should be given unique status in international research ethics guidelines...

Idioms are a big part of languages but can cause trouble for communication, especially for non-native speakers of a language. Interpreting idioms correctly means that one must derive a figurative meaning from words that individually mean something else. Recent research primarily focuses on the impact of context for successful idiom comprehension and seems to prioritize native speakers’ understa...