1 Why don’t farmers use fertilizers: 2 Evidence from Field Experiments in Western Kenya 3 (PRELIMINARY AND INCOMPLETE) 4 April 29, 2006 5 6 Esther Duflo, Michael Kremer and Jonathan Robinson 7 8 9 Abstract 10 11 This paper reports on randomized field experiments set up to investigate 12 various reasons for the low usage of fertilizer in Western Kenya. 13 Demonstration plots set up on farmer’s f...

a. N1 = {(i1, i2, . . . , in) : ik ∈ Ik for all k ∈ {1, 2, . . . , n}} and b. N2 = {(x1, x2, . . . , xn) : ∑n k=1 xk = 0}. Proof. To prove (a), it suffices to show, by Proposition 1, that N1 is nonempty and x + ry ∈ N1 for all r ∈ R and all x, y ∈ N1. For the first condition, (0, 0, . . . , 0) ∈ N1 since Ik is a subgroup of R containing the additive identity 0 for all k ∈ {1, 2, . . . , n}. Tha...

A field study was carried out during summer seasons of 2018 and 2019 at the Experimental Farm Faculty Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, El-Arish, North Sinai Governorate. Egypt, This aimed to investigate response three sunflower genotypes (Helianthus annus L., i.e. Giza-102, Sakha-53, Line 120 nitrogen levels N1=15, N2= 30, N3= 45 kg N fed-1to maximize seed oil yields crop ...

Citrus orchards receive increasing amounts of nitrogen fertilizer for the purpose optimal yields and good quality citrus fruits. Although effects increased on fruit trees have been reasonably well studied, few comparable studies examined impacts soil bacterial communities diversity, even though they play critical roles in orchard ecosystem functioning. In our study, Illumina MiSeq sequencing wa...

In the present study, some nutritional imbalances, specific ion toxicity and yield-ion concentration relationships in maize under water, nitrogen (N) and salinity stresses were assessed. Effect of different levels of irrigation water (I1=1.0ETc+0.25ETc as leaching, I2 =0.75I1 and I3 =0.5I1) as main plot, salinity of irrigation water (S1=0.6, S2= 2.0 and S3=4.0 dS m-1) as sub-plot and N fertiliz...

These are the notes I typed during the talks. I haven’t spent much time after the lectures cleaning them up so there are probably lots of typos and even some more serious errors. The hardest thing was getting the quiver diagrams done in real time. I often had to give up! Anyway, there may be some value to this so I’m placing it in the public domain. feedback is welcome. 1. King—Moduli of sheave...

Worldwide, only two types of antiviral inhibitors (M2 ion channel protein inhibitor and Neuraminidase inhibitors) are approved to treat the influenza viral infection. But mutation amino acid sequence in membrane proteins creates resistance existing drugs or inhibitors. So corresponding have be reformulated match these antigenic variations. Fluorination on carbon–based molecule significantly enr...