Background and objectives: It is necessary to specify the best conditions of essential oils production to get more major compound(s) and higher yield oil. The fennel oil is useful in pharmaceutical industry as flavor. The main component of fennel oil is anethole (55-75%). The objective of this work was to identify the effect of  particle size, pH of water, method of distillatio...

in this experiment, the effects of fennel and thyme extracts with and without flaxseed were investigated on performance and egg quality of leghorn-type laying hens (hy-line w-36). 200 laying hens from 26 to 38 weeks of age were assigned to five dietary treatments with five replications. the treatment groups were: 1) control (a diet without any additives); 2) control diet plus fennel (40 mg/kg f...

background: dysmenorrhea is a common gynecologic disorder affecting as many as 60% of menstruating women. in the united states, work absenteeism due to dysmenorrhea is estimated to be 600 million work hours per year, and the economic consequences are estimated at $2 billion per year; therefore, it is a public problem nowadays. aim: the purpose of this study was to compare the effects of combina...

in order to investigate the effects of mycorrhiza symbiosis and different nitrogen levels on yield, yield components and essential oil content and yield of fennel (foeniculum vulgare mill.) and ajowan (carum copticum l.), a field experiment was arranged in a factoriel based on a randomized complete block design with three replications at the agricultural research station, ferdowsi university of...

In Europe and the Mediterranean region, ‘Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum’ (Lso) is associated with emerging diseases of Apiaceae crops, mainly carrot. Emergency measures for import carrot seed were set, requiring to be heat-treated at 50°C or tested as Lso-negative by PCR. The germination response heat treatment was assessed 24 cultivar hybrid lots. Ten parsley, five fennel, two celery lot...

Oral health is a key indicator of overall health, well being and quality life. Mouth ulcers are small sores that form on your lips, gums, inner cheeks, toung or palate. They painful can be extremely uncomfortable make it difficult for some people to eat, drink, brush their teeth. triggered by several different factors including minor injuries, hormonal changes, emotional stress, vitamin deficie...

A wide range of medicinal plant parts that possess varied medicinal properties are used for extracts as raw drugs. In this study, the ethanolic extract obtained from aerial parts of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) seedlings was evaluated in vitro to examine their antimicrobial activity against four Gram-negative and three Gram-positive bacteria and two fungi. Aerial parts of one-month-old see...

two field experiments were conducted at the research farm of the faculty of agriculture, university of tabriz, iran during 2009-2010 and 2010-2011, to evaluate the response of fennel (foeniculum vulgare l.) landraces to limited irrigation. experiments were arranged as split plot based on randomized complete block design in three replications with irrigation treatments (irrigation after 60, 90, ...