introduction: effective perception of fear signals is crucial for organism survival. when threated, the organism indicates defensive behaviors. methods: elevated plus–maze has high efficiency for measurement of fear behavior and is widly used for fear behavior determination. increase in two parameters percent of openarm entries (%oae) and percent of time spent in the open-arm (%oat) in the elev...

Taqwa (piety) is a construct in Islamic psychology. It correlates with large number of behavior such as sustainable capacity building, leadership, employees’ happiness, and workplace deviance. But the earlier studies have failed to capture assessment taqwa from Qur'anic perspective. In present study, an attempt made standardize scale. first phase, pool 30 items was generated for each three doma...

In this study, the effect of upsetting-extrusion-upsetting (UEU) on microstructure an Mg-9Gd-4Y-2Zn-0.5Zr alloy and dynamic recrystallization (DRX) was investigated. The results showed that after UEU, DRX occurred in alloy. Namely, grain refinement at cross-sectional edges UEU specimens significant, with size being refined from 8.27 µm necking region to 6.57 µm. Grain is mainly caused by where ...

We investigated how memory for faces and voices (presented separately and in combination) varies as a function of sex and emotional expression (anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and neutral). At encoding, participants judged the expressed emotion of items in forced-choice tasks, followed by incidental Remember/Know recognition tasks. Results from 600 participants showed that accuracy (h...

OBJECTIVE Writing in an emotional way about stressful or traumatic experiences has beneficial effects on emotional well-being and physical health. Yet the mechanisms that underlie these effects still need to be explored. Integrating research on the effects of positive expectancies, the authors suggest that positive effects of written emotional expression may, in part, depend on expectancies ind...