~ T h i s paper presents an extension of the wellknown Beard-Jones detection filter that permits isolation of sensor faults in a dynamic system to a fixed direction in output space. The method is based on augmenting the system equations by an auxiliary state to represent t h e dynamic behavior of the sensor fault, and in effect converts the sensor fault into the same form as an actuator 'fault....

For FDI to help achieve the international development goal of halving absolute poverty, two conditions have to be met. First, poor developing countries need to be attractive to foreign investors. Second, the host-country environment in which foreign investors operate must be conducive to favourable FDI effects with regard to overall investment, economic spillovers and income growth. This paper ...

Model-based fault detection and isolation (FDI) is an approach with increasing attention in the academic and industrial fields, due to economical and safety related matters. In FDI, the discrepancies between system outputs and model outputs are called residuals, and are used to detect and isolate faults. This paper proposes a model-based architecture for fault detection and isolation based on f...

A model-based approach for fault diagnosis is proposed, where the fault detection is based on checking the consistency of the Analytical Redundancy Relations (ARRs) using an interval tool. The tool takes into account the uncertainty in the parameters and the measurements using intervals. Faults are explicitly included in the model, which allows for the exploitation of additional information. Th...

This paper presents an analog fault simulation approach based on concurrent fault detection. By performing fault simulation with fault dropping, high computational effort is saved. The concurrent fault detection can be applied to most analyses and is compatible with other speedupprocedures. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented fault simulation procedure.

The presence of foreign multinational enterprises (MNEs) can benefit local economies. In particular, if MNEs are very productive compared to domestic firms, they may promote learning and catch-up of local firms. Such a channel of spillovers fromMNEs to local firms is known as the Veblen-Geschenkron effect. Rather than the overall density of MNEs in a region or sector, it is their initial produc...

This paper presents a non-monotonic relationship between foreign direct investment and trade based on the idea that, although FDI eliminates trade costs on the final good, the investing firm has to bear increased trade costs on an intermediate good. JEL-Classification: F 23, R3, L12

Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems consume almost half of the total energy use of commercial buildings. To optimize HVAC energy usage, it is important to understand the energy consumption of individual HVAC components at fine granularities. However, buildings typically only have aggregate building level power and thermal meters. We present HVACMeter, a system which leverag...

This paper analyses the role of exchange rates in the competition for FDI. Based on the assumption that two countries compete for FDI from the same source country, the paper shows explicitly that the relative FDI of one country is determined by the relative real exchange rate between its currency and that of the source country. The theoretical result suggests that, if the currency of one FDI re...

Fault isolation is the art of localizing faults in a process, given observations from it. To do this, a model describing the relation between faults and observations is needed. In this paper we focus on learning such models both from training data and from prior knowledge. There are several challenges in learning fault isolators. The number of data, as well as the available computing resources,...