diabetes (impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance) and even those with high-normal glucose levels [3] . Numerous studies have demonstrated greater insulin resistance (i.e., lower insulin sensitivity) in certain demographic groups: older subjects vs. younger subjects; African Americans vs. Caucasians; sedentary persons vs. active persons, among other examples. However, these differe...

AIMS/INTRODUCTION Insulin has been associated with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, few studies have evaluated the association between insulin and colorectal adenoma. We investigated the relationship between fasting serum insulin levels or homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and colorectal adenoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively enrolled 15,427 ...

OBJECTIVE In this study, we tested the hypothesis that fasting serum insulin is higher in nonobese black adults than in white adults and that high fasting insulin predicts type 2 diabetes equally well in both groups. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS At the baseline examination (1987-1989) of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, fasting insulin and BMI were measured in 13,416 black and wh...

Background: NAFLD is a clinical spectrum ranging from steatosis (fatty infiltration) to with inflammation, necrosis, fibrosis and cirrhosis resembling alcoholic hepatitis in the absence of abuse. The aim this work was determine early renal functional alterations overweight / obese children adolescents NAFLD, as assessed by estimated glomerular filtration rate using cystatin C, evaluate its rela...

OBJECTIVE Insulin secretion is often diminished in hyperglycemic patients with type 2 diabetes. We examined whether chronic basal insulin treatment with insulin glargine improves glucose-induced insulin secretion. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Fourteen patients with type 2 diabetes on metformin monotherapy received an add-on therapy with insulin glargine over 8 weeks. Intravenous glucose tolera...

Obesity is strongly associated with hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance, both primary risk factors for type 2 diabetes. It has been thought that increased fasting free fatty acids (FFA) may be responsible for the development of insulin resistance during obesity, causing an increase in plasma glucose levels, which would then signal for compensatory hyperinsulinemia. But when obesity is induc...

OBJECTIVE To assess insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function associated with lower maternal fasting plasma glucose levels at high altitude compared with sea level. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied 215 pregnant women at 8-42 weeks of gestation in Peru. The women were recruited from Cerro de Pasco, which is situated 4,370 m (14,340 feet) above sea level, and Lima, which is at sea level....

We investigated the association between macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) rs1007888 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and the genetic susceptibility to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A total of 240 GDM pregnant women (GDM group) and 330 healthy pregnant women (control group) were included in the study. Differences in the MIF rs1007888 genotype and allele frequencies and differenc...

1. Serum sialic acid is a reputed cardiovascular risk factor, but the reason why this is so is not clear. We therefore studied its relationship with other known cardiovascular risk factors (particularly those associated with insulin resistance) in 100 healthy young subjects (54 females and 46 males, age 20.7+/-0.89 years). 2. There was a significant univariate correlation between serum total si...

OBJECTIVE To examine the relationships between birthweight, current size, and fasting glucose and fasting insulin levels in Aboriginal adolescents. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING Longitudinal prospective study of a Northern Territory Aboriginal birth cohort of 686 Aboriginal babies born at the Royal Darwin Hospital between January 1987 and March 1990, and followed up between December 2006 a...