The Notch signaling pathway is an intercellular communication network vital to metazoan development. Notch activation leads to the nuclear localization of the intracellular portion (NICD) of the Notch receptor. Once in the nucleus, NICD binds the transcription factor CSL through a bivalent interaction involving the high-affinity RAM region and the lower affinity ANK domain, converting CSL from ...

We have identified ramshackle (ram) as a dominant suppressor of hedgehog loss-of-function in the developing Drosophila eye. We have characterized the gene and it encodes a double bromodomain protein with eight WD40 repeats. The Ram protein is localized predominantly to polytene chromosome interbands and is required for the transcription of some genes. ram is an essential gene and null mutants d...

BACKGROUND Isothermal amplification methods provide alternatives to PCR that may be preferable for some nucleic acid target detection tasks. Among current isothermal target detection methods, ramified rolling circle amplification (RAM) of single-stranded DNA circles that are formed by ligation of linear DNA probes (C-probes or padlock probes) offers a unique target detection system by linked pr...

Choosing funds is a general issue for investors, with the aim of balancing potential risks and returns. The this article to use super-efficiency approach analyze rank exchange-traded (ETFs) in order find best utility ETFs. range-adjusted measure (RAM)-based data envelopment analysis (DEA) model used work evaluate set ETFs inefficient funds, while RAM fully RAM-based efficient funds. Other slack...

The Virtual Generalizing Random Access Memory Weightless Neural Network (VGRAM WNN) is a type of WNN that only requires storage capacity proportional to the training set. As such, it is an effective machine learning technique that offers simple implementation and fast training – it can be made in one shot. However, the VG-RAM WNN test time for applications that require many training samples can...

OBJECTIVE Autopsy cases show that cortical lesions (CLs) in multiple sclerosis (MS) lack lymphocyte/macrophage influx, blood-brain barrier breakdown, and complement activation. However, some CLs were demonstrated to harbor activated microglia. Here, we assessed the clinical significance of microglia activation in CLs in a large autopsy sample, and we investigated possible interrelationships wit...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Skeletal muscle has been suggested as an important factor in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome. During the aging process, muscle mass is lost in specific body parts. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between site-specific muscle loss assessed using computed tomography (CT) and metabolic syndrome. This study was conducted to investigate the ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The root apical meristem (RAM) is the plant stem cell niche which provides for the formation and continuous development of the root. Auxin is the main regulator of RAM functioning, and auxin maxima coincide with the sites of RAM initiation and maintenance. Auxin gradients are formed due to local auxin biosynthesis and polar auxin transport. The PIN family of auxin transporte...

We present a new method for secure two-party Random Access Memory (RAM) program computation that does not require taking a program and first turning it into a circuit. The method achieves logarithmic overhead compared to an insecure program execution. In the heart of our construction is a new Oblivious RAM construction where a client interacts with two non-communicating servers. Our two-server ...