BACKGROUND Disparities in child health outcomes persist despite advances in medical technology and increased global wealth. The social determinants of health approach is useful in explaining the disparities in health. Our objective in this paper is four-fold: (1) to test whether the income relationship (and the related income gradient) is the same across different child health outcomes; (2) to ...

We present a two parameter family of continuous distribution on a bounded domain which has an elevated but finite density value at its lower bound. Such a characteristic appears to be useful, for example, when representing income distributions at lower income ranges. The family generalizes the one parameter Topp and Leone distribution originated in the 1950's and recently rediscovered. The fami...

OBJECTIVE We examined the association between state Medicaid and State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) income eligibility and the financial burden reported by low-income families raising children with special health care needs (CSHCN). SAMPLE AND METHODS Data on low-income CSHCN and their families were from the National Survey of Children With Special Health Care Needs (N = 17039)...

Understanding the consequences of growing up poor for a child’s well-being is an important research question, but one that is difficult to answer due to the potential endogeneity of family income. Past estimates of the effect of family income on child development have often been plagued by omitted variable bias and measurement error. In this paper, we use a fixed effect instrumental variables s...

Guided by family stress theory, this study compares newlywed samples of remarried couples from rural and urban areas. More than 900 men and 1,000 women in remarriages responded to questionnaires that assessed their economic pressures, family characteristics, and relationship quality. On socioeconomic characteristics, rural and urban couples differed. Urban couples were more educated, had smalle...

Governments in ontario have promised family physicians (fps) that participation in primary care reform would be financially as well as professionally rewarding. We compared work satisfaction, incomes and work patterns of fps practising in different models to determine whether the predicted benefits to physicians really materialized. study participants included 332 fps in ontario practising in f...

The National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) provides a rich source of data for studying relationships between income and health and for monitoring health and health care for persons at different income levels. However, the nonresponse rates are high for two key items, total family income in the previous calendar year and personal earnings from employment in the previous calendar year. To handle...