This paper demonstrates experimentally that imposed periodic forcing can significantly alter the global flow characteristics of over a double backward-facing step. The geometry consists two equal height steps spaced up to eight step heights apart. A zero-mass flux jet located at first step's top corner was issued frequencies ranging from below step-mode instability frequency approximately five ...

We examine the formation of giant elliptical galaxies using their globular cluster (GC) systems as probes of their evolutionary history. The bimodal distributions of GC metallicities in such galaxies are often cited as evidence for the formation of giant elliptical galaxies through mergers involving gas-rich spirals, with the metal-rich GCs forming during the merger process. We explore an alter...

We study the stability of the giant gravitons in the string theory background with NSNS B field. We consider the perturbation of giant gravitons formed by a probe D(8− p) brane in the background generated by D(p− 2)D(p) branes for 2 ≤ p ≤ 5. We use the quadratic approximation to the brane action to find the equations of motion. The vibration modes for ρ , φ and r are coupled, while those of xk’...

Paying off the mortgage, once a widespread rite of passage for homeowners approaching retirement, has become less common in recent years. Concerns are mounting that the increased prevalence of housing debt among older homeowners could compromise financial security in retirement by expanding housing affordability problems, crimping essential nonhousing spending, increasing vulnerability to home ...

The feasibility of using a commercial CFD code for large eddy simulation (LES) is investigated. A first test on homogeneous turbulence decay allows a fine-tuning of the eddy viscosity with respect to the numerical features of the code. Then, a flow over forward–backward facing step at Reynolds number Reh 1⁄4 1:7 10 is computed. The results found show good agreement with the new LDA data of Lecl...